π Introduction
Welcome to the Ultimate CLI Cheat Sheetβyour one-stop reference for 1000+ essential command-line interface (CLI) commands across various platforms! Whether you're a beginner or an advanced user, this guide will help you find and execute commands quickly.
π How to Use This Blog
- Easily Navigate: Use the table of contents to jump to any section instantly.
- Find Commands Fast: Click on any item in the table to go directly to the relevant commands.
- Copy & Use: Simply copy the commands and run them in your terminal.
- π Looking for a specific CLI command? Use
Ctrl + F
(Windows/Linux) orCmd + F
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π¬ Contribute & Stay Updated
- π‘ Want a new topic to be included? Drop a comment below!
β οΈ Found a command that isnβt working? Let me know in the comments, and Iβll update it.
We will periodically update this cheat sheet with new topics and the latest CLI commands, so add this blog to your reading list and donβt forget to like & support! ππ₯
Table
Category | CLI Commands |
---|---|
π Version Control |
Git π οΈ |
π³ Containerization and Orchestration |
Docker π , Kubernetes (kubectl) βΈοΈ , Helm β |
βοΈ Scripting and Automation |
Bash π₯οΈ , Jenkins π , Terraform π , Ansible π€ |
βοΈ Cloud Services and CLI Tools |
AWS CLI ποΈ , Azure CLI π· , AWS SageMaker π |
π Workflow and Data Pipelines |
Apache Airflow π¬οΈ , MLflow π¬ |
π Web Servers and Networking |
Nginx π , TCP/IP π‘ , DNS π |
ποΈ Databases |
MySQL π¦ , PostgreSQL π |
π Monitoring and Logging |
Prometheus π |
π οΈ Development Tools |
Expo π± , NPM π¦ , YARN π§Ά , PIP π |
π¦ Package Managers |
APT π , YUM π½οΈ |
π§ Utilities |
CURL π |
π© Messaging and Queuing |
MQTT π‘ , RabbitMQ π° , Kafka π₯ |
π Code Quality and Security |
SonarQube π‘οΈ |
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Version Control
GIT CLI commands
Basic Commands
git init # Initialize a new Git repository.
git clone [url] # Clone an existing repository.
git status # Show the working directory status.
git add [file] # Add a file to the staging area.
git commit -m "[message]" # Commit changes with a message.
git push # Push changes to a remote repository.
git pull # Fetch and merge changes from a remote repository.
Branching and Merging
git branch # List branches.
git branch [branch-name] # Create a new branch.
git checkout [branch-name] # Switch to a branch.
git merge [branch-name] # Merge a branch into the current branch.
Viewing History
git log # View commit history.
git diff # Show changes between commits, branches, etc.
git show [commit] # Show details of a specific commit.
Undoing Changes
git reset [commit] # Reset to a specific commit.
git revert [commit] # Create a new commit that undoes changes from a previous commit.
git stash # Stash changes in a dirty working directory.
Remote Repositories
git remote # Manage set of tracked repositories.
git remote add [name] [url] # Add a new remote repository.
git fetch [remote] # Fetch changes from a remote repository.
Advanced Commands
git rebase [branch] # Reapply commits on top of another base tip.
git cherry-pick [commit] # Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits.
git bisect # Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug.
git tag [tag-name] # Create a tag for marking a specific point in history.
git archive # Create an archive of files from a named tree.
Configuration
git config --global user.name "[name]" # Set the name for all repositories on your system.
git config --global user.email "[email]" # Set the email for all repositories on your system.
git config --list # List all configuration settings.
Collaboration
git fetch --all # Fetch all branches from all remotes.
git pull --rebase # Fetch and rebase the current branch.
git push --tags # Push all tags to the remote repository.
Cleanup
git clean -f # Remove untracked files from the working directory.
git gc # Cleanup unnecessary files and optimize the local repository.
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Containerization and Orchestration
DOCKER CLI commands
Basic Commands
docker --version # Show the Docker version information.
docker info # Display system-wide information.
docker help # Get help on Docker commands.
Container Management
docker run [options] IMAGE [command] [args] # Run a command in a new container.
docker start [container] # Start one or more stopped containers.
docker stop [container] # Stop one or more running containers.
docker restart [container] # Restart one or more containers.
docker rm [container] # Remove one or more containers.
docker ps # List running containers.
docker ps -a # List all containers.
Image Management
docker pull [image] # Pull an image from a registry.
docker push [image] # Push an image to a registry.
docker build [options] PATH | URL | - # Build an image from a Dockerfile.
docker images # List images.
docker rmi [image] # Remove one or more images.
Network Management
docker network ls # List networks.
docker network create [network] # Create a new network.
docker network rm [network] # Remove one or more networks.
docker network inspect [network] # Display detailed information on one or more networks.
Volume Management
docker volume ls # List volumes.
docker volume create [volume] # Create a new volume.
docker volume rm [volume] # Remove one or more volumes.
docker volume inspect [volume] # Display detailed information on one or more volumes.
Docker Compose
docker-compose up # Create and start containers.
docker-compose down # Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes.
docker-compose build # Build or rebuild services.
docker-compose logs # View output from containers.
Advanced Container Management
docker exec [options] CONTAINER COMMAND [args] # Run a command in a running container.
docker attach [container] # Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container.
docker logs [container] # Fetch the logs of a container.
docker inspect [container|image] # Return low-level information on Docker objects.
Security
docker scan [image] # Scan an image for vulnerabilities.
docker secret create [secret_name] [file] # Create a secret from a file or STDIN as content.
docker secret ls # List secrets.
docker secret rm [secret_name] # Remove one or more secrets.
Swarm Management
docker swarm init # Initialize a swarm.
docker swarm join [options] # Join a swarm as a node.
docker node ls # List nodes in the swarm.
docker service create [options] IMAGE [command] [args] # Create a new service.
docker service ls # List services.
docker service rm [service] # Remove one or more services.
System Commands
docker system df # Show Docker disk usage.
docker system prune # Remove unused data.
docker system events # Get real-time events from the server.
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KUBERNETES CLI commands
Basic Commands
kubectl version # Show the Kubernetes version information.
kubectl cluster-info # Display cluster information.
kubectl get [resource] # List resources (e.g., pods, services).
kubectl describe [resource] [name] # Show detailed information about a resource.
kubectl create -f [filename] # Create resources from a file.
kubectl apply -f [filename] # Apply a configuration to a resource by file name or stdin.
kubectl delete [resource] [name] # Delete resources by file name, stdin, resource, and names.
Pod Management
kubectl get pods # List all pods.
kubectl describe pod [pod-name] # Show detailed information about a pod.
kubectl logs [pod-name] # Print the logs for a container in a pod.
kubectl exec [pod-name] -- [command] # Execute a command in a container in a pod.
Deployment Management
kubectl get deployments # List all deployments.
kubectl describe deployment [deployment-name] # Show detailed information about a deployment.
kubectl scale --replicas=[count] deployment/[deployment-name] # Scale a deployment.
kubectl rollout status deployment/[deployment-name] # Show the status of the rollout.
Service Management
kubectl get services # List all services.
kubectl describe service [service-name] # Show detailed information about a service.
kubectl expose deployment [deployment-name] --type=[type] --port=[port] # Expose a deployment as a service.
Namespace Management
kubectl get namespaces # List all namespaces.
kubectl create namespace [namespace-name] # Create a new namespace.
kubectl delete namespace [namespace-name] # Delete a namespace.
Configuration Management
kubectl config view # Show merged kubeconfig settings.
kubectl config use-context [context-name] # Set the current context.
kubectl config set-context [context-name] --namespace=[namespace] # Set a context's namespace.
Advanced Commands
kubectl rollout undo deployment/[deployment-name] # Undo a deployment.
kubectl top nodes # Display resource (CPU/memory) usage of nodes.
kubectl top pods # Display resource (CPU/memory) usage of pods.
kubectl port-forward [pod-name] [local-port]:[remote-port] # Forward one or more local ports to a pod.
Autocompletion
kubectl completion bash # Set up autocompletion in bash.
kubectl completion zsh # Set up autocompletion in zsh.
kubectl completion fish # Set up autocompletion in fish.
Resource Management
kubectl get all # List all resources in the namespace.
kubectl get events # List all events.
kubectl get nodes # List all nodes.
kubectl get configmaps # List all config maps.
kubectl get secrets # List all secrets.
Editing Resources
kubectl edit [resource] [name] # Edit a resource on the server.
kubectl patch [resource] [name] --patch [patch] # Update a resource with a patch.
Debugging
kubectl port-forward [pod-name] [local-port]:[remote-port] # Forward one or more local ports to a pod.
kubectl cp [pod-name]:[path] [local-path] # Copy files and directories to and from containers.
kubectl exec -it [pod-name] -- [command] # Execute a command in a container.
Scaling and Rolling Updates
kubectl scale deployment [deployment-name] --replicas=[count] # Scale a deployment.
kubectl rollout restart deployment [deployment-name] # Restart a deployment.
kubectl rollout history deployment [deployment-name] # View rollout history of a deployment.
Resource Quotas and Limits
kubectl get resourcequotas # List resource quotas.
kubectl describe resourcequotas [quota-name] # Show detailed information about a resource quota.
kubectl get limitranges # List limit ranges.
kubectl describe limitranges [limit-range-name] # Show detailed information about a limit range.
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HELM CLI commands
General Commands
helm version # Show the Helm version.
helm help # Get help on Helm commands.
Chart Management
helm create [name] # Create a new chart with the given name.
helm lint [chart] # Run tests to examine a chart for possible issues.
helm package [chart] # Package a chart directory into a chart archive.
helm show all [chart] # Show all information about a chart.
helm show values [chart] # Show the values file for a chart.
helm show chart [chart] # Show the chart.yaml file.
helm show readme [chart] # Show the README file.
helm show crds [chart] # Show the Custom Resource Definitions.
helm dependency list [chart] # List the dependencies for a chart.
helm dependency update [chart] # Update the dependencies for a chart.
Repository Management
helm repo add [name] [url] # Add a chart repository.
helm repo list # List chart repositories.
helm repo update # Update information on available charts.
helm repo remove [name] # Remove a chart repository.
Release Management
helm install [name] [chart] # Install a chart.
helm upgrade [release] [chart] # Upgrade a release to a new version of a chart.
helm rollback [release] [revision] # Roll back a release to a previous revision.
helm list # List releases.
helm status [release] # Show the status of a release.
helm uninstall [release] # Uninstall a release.
helm history [release] # Show the history of a release.
Template and Testing
helm template [chart] # Render chart templates locally.
helm test [release] # Test a release.
Plugin Management
helm plugin list # List installed Helm plugins.
helm plugin install [url] # Install a Helm plugin.
helm plugin update [plugin] # Update a Helm plugin.
helm plugin remove [plugin] # Remove a Helm plugin.
Registry Management
helm registry login [url] # Log in to a Helm registry.
helm registry logout [url] # Log out from a Helm registry.
helm push [chart] [registry] # Push a chart to a registry.
helm pull [chart] # Pull a chart from a registry.
Chart Management
helm dependency build [chart] # Rebuild the dependencies for a chart.
helm dependency update [chart] # Update the dependencies for a chart.
helm dependency list [chart] # List the dependencies for a chart.
Release Management
helm get all [release] # Get all information about a release.
helm get hooks [release] # Get hooks for a release.
helm get manifest [release] # Get the manifest for a release.
helm get values [release] # Get the values for a release.
helm get notes [release] # Get the notes for a release.
Template and Testing
helm template [chart] --output-dir [directory] # Render chart templates locally and output to a directory.
helm test [release] --logs # Test a release and display logs.
Registry Management
helm registry login [url] --username [username] --password [password] # Log in to a Helm registry with credentials.
helm registry logout [url] # Log out from a Helm registry.
helm registry list # List all Helm registries.
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Scripting and Automation
BASH CLI commands
File and Directory Management
ls # List directory contents.
cd [directory] # Change the current directory.
pwd # Print the current working directory.
mkdir [directory] # Create a new directory.
rmdir [directory] # Remove an empty directory.
rm [file] # Remove a file.
cp [source] [destination] # Copy files or directories.
mv [source] [destination] # Move or rename files or directories.
touch [file] # Create an empty file or update the timestamp of an existing file.
File Viewing and Editing
cat [file] # Concatenate and display file content.
less [file] # View file content one screen at a time.
head [file] # Display the first few lines of a file.
tail [file] # Display the last few lines of a file.
nano [file] # Edit a file using the nano text editor.
vim [file] # Edit a file using the vim text editor.
File Permissions
chmod [permissions] [file] # Change file permissions.
chown [owner]:[group] [file] # Change file owner and group.
Process Management
ps # Display information about running processes.
top # Display real-time system information and process details.
kill [pid] # Terminate a process by its process ID.
killall [process-name] # Terminate all processes with the specified name.
Networking
ping [host] # Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts.
ifconfig # Configure network interfaces.
wget [url] # Download files from the web.
curl [url] # Transfer data from or to a server.
System Information
uname -a # Display system information.
df -h # Display disk space usage.
du -sh [directory] # Display the size of a directory.
free -h # Display memory usage.
Scripting and Automation
echo [text] # Display a line of text.
read [variable] # Read a line of input into a variable.
for [variable] in [list]; do [commands]; done # Loop through a list of items.
while [condition]; do [commands]; done # Loop while a condition is true.
if [condition]; then [commands]; fi # Execute commands based on a condition.
File and Directory Management
find [path] -name [pattern] # Search for files and directories.
ln -s [target] [link] # Create a symbolic link to a file or directory.
du -sh [directory] # Display the size of a directory and its contents.
File Viewing and Editing
grep [pattern] [file] # Search for a pattern in a file.
awk '{print $1}' [file] # Process and analyze text files.
sed 's/[pattern]/[replacement]/g' [file] # Stream editor for filtering and transforming text.
Process Management
bg # Resume a job in the background.
fg # Bring a job to the foreground.
jobs # List active jobs.
Networking
netstat -tuln # Display network connections, routing tables, and interface statistics.
ssh [user]@[host] # Connect to a remote host via SSH.
scp [source] [destination] # Securely copy files between hosts.
System Information
uptime # Show how long the system has been running.
who # Show who is logged on.
dmesg # Print or control the kernel ring buffer.
Scripting and Automation
crontab -e # Edit the crontab file to schedule jobs.
alias [name]='[command]' # Create an alias for a command.
source [file] # Execute commands from a file in the current shell.
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JENKINS CLI commands
Basic Jenkins Commands
sudo service jenkins start # Start the Jenkins service.
sudo service jenkins stop # Stop the Jenkins service.
sudo service jenkins restart # Restart the Jenkins service.
sudo service jenkins status # Check the status of the Jenkins service.
Jenkins CLI Commands
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> help # Get help with the Jenkins CLI.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> list-jobs # List all jobs.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> build <JOB_NAME> # Trigger a job build.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> create-job <JOB_NAME> <config.xml> # Create a new job.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> delete-job <JOB_NAME> # Delete a job.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> get-job <JOB_NAME> # Retrieve job configuration.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> update-job <JOB_NAME> <config.xml> # Update job configuration.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> disable-job <JOB_NAME> # Disable a job.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> enable-job <JOB_NAME> # Enable a job.
Jenkins Job Management
Create a New Job # Use the Jenkins UI to create a new job by selecting βNew Itemβ.
Delete a Job # Remove a job through the Jenkins interface by selecting βDelete Projectβ.
Configure a Job # Edit job settings via the Jenkins dashboard under βConfigureβ.
Build a Job Now # Trigger a build by clicking βBuild Nowβ on the job page.
Schedule a Job # Set up build schedules in the job configuration using cron syntax.
Trigger Build Remotely # Use a URL with a token to trigger builds remotely: `http://<JENKINS_URL>/job/<JOB_NAME>/build?token=<TOKEN>`.
View Build History # Access the build history from the jobβs page to review past builds.
Check Console Output # View detailed logs from a build under βConsole Outputβ.
Archive Build Artifacts # Configure post-build actions to save build artifacts.
Jenkins Pipeline Management
Create a Pipeline Job # Set up a new pipeline job from the Jenkins dashboard.
Configure Pipeline Script # Use the pipeline editor to write and configure pipeline scripts.
Run Pipeline Script # Execute the pipeline script by triggering a build.
View Pipeline Stages # Check the stages and steps of a running or completed pipeline build.
Pause and Resume Pipeline # Pause or resume a pipeline job from the Jenkins UI.
Jenkins Plugin Management
Install a Plugin # Go to Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins > Available, search for a plugin, and install it.
Update Plugins # Check for updates under Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins > Updates.
Uninstall a Plugin # Remove a plugin through Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins > Installed.
User and Security Management
Add a New User # Create users through Manage Jenkins > Manage Users > Create User.
Assign User Roles # Manage user roles and permissions using Role-Based Authorization plugins.
Jenkins CLI Commands
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> safe-restart # Restart Jenkins safely after all builds are complete.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> cancel-quiet-down # Cancel the quiet down mode.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> reload-configuration # Reload the configuration from disk.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> groovy [script] # Execute a Groovy script on the server.
Jenkins Job Management
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> copy-job <source-job> <destination-job> # Copy a job.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> disable-job <job-name> # Disable a job.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> enable-job <job-name> # Enable a job.
Jenkins Node Management
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> list-nodes # List all nodes.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> create-node <node-name> # Create a new node.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> delete-node <node-name> # Delete a node.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> offline-node <node-name> # Take a node offline.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> online-node <node-name> # Bring a node online.
Jenkins System Management
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> safe-shutdown # Safely shut down Jenkins after all builds are complete.
java -jar jenkins-cli.jar -s http://<JENKINS_URL> quiet-down # Put Jenkins into quiet down mode, which allows existing builds to complete but prevents new builds from starting.
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TERRAFORM CLI commands
Basic Commands
terraform version # Show the current Terraform version.
terraform init # Initialize a new or existing Terraform configuration.
terraform validate # Validate the configuration files.
terraform plan # Create an execution plan.
terraform apply # Apply the changes required to reach the desired state.
terraform destroy # Destroy the Terraform-managed infrastructure.
Formatting and Validation
terraform fmt # Reformat configuration files to a canonical format.
terraform validate # Validate the configuration files.
State Management
terraform state list # List resources in the state.
terraform state show [resource] # Show detailed information about a resource in the state.
terraform state rm [resource] # Remove a resource from the state.
terraform state mv [source] [destination] # Move a resource in the state.
Resource Management
terraform import [address] [id] # Import existing infrastructure into Terraform.
terraform taint [resource] # Mark a resource for recreation.
terraform untaint [resource] # Remove the 'tainted' state from a resource.
Output and Variables
terraform output # Show output values from the Terraform state.
terraform output -json # Show output values in JSON format.
terraform variables # List all variables in the configuration.
Workspaces
terraform workspace list # List all workspaces.
terraform workspace new [name] # Create a new workspace.
terraform workspace select [name] # Select a workspace.
terraform workspace delete [name] # Delete a workspace.
Advanced Commands
terraform graph # Generate a visual representation of the configuration.
terraform console # Open a console for evaluating expressions.
terraform force-unlock [lock-id] # Manually unlock the state.
Advanced Commands
terraform get # Download and update modules mentioned in the configuration.
terraform login # Obtain and save credentials for a remote host.
terraform logout # Remove locally-stored credentials for a remote host.
terraform metadata # Metadata related commands.
terraform providers # Show the providers required for this configuration.
terraform refresh # Update the state to match remote systems.
terraform show # Show the current state or a saved plan.
terraform state # Advanced state management.
terraform taint # Mark a resource instance as not fully functional.
terraform untaint # Remove the 'tainted' state from a resource instance.
Formatting and Validation
terraform fmt --recursive # Format files in subdirectories.
terraform fmt --diff # Display differences between original configuration files and formatting changes.
terraform fmt --check # Ensure the configuration files are formatted correctly.
Workspace Management
terraform workspace new [name] # Create a new workspace.
terraform workspace select [name] # Select a workspace.
terraform workspace delete [name] # Delete a workspace.
Graph and Console
terraform graph # Generate a visual representation of the configuration.
terraform console # Open a console for evaluating expressions.
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ANSIBLE CLI commands
Ad-Hoc Commands
ansible all -m setup # Gather facts about remote hosts.
ansible all -m command -a "[command]" # Run a command on all hosts.
ansible all -m copy -a "src=[source] dest=[destination]" # Copy files to remote hosts.
Playbook Management
ansible-playbook [playbook.yml] --diff # Show differences when running the playbook.
ansible-playbook [playbook.yml] --start-at-task "[task-name]" # Start the playbook at a specific task.
Inventory Management
ansible-inventory --yaml # Display the inventory in YAML format.
ansible-inventory --graph --vars # Display the inventory graphically with variables.
Role and Collection Management
ansible-galaxy role init [role-name] # Initialize a new role skeleton.
ansible-galaxy collection init [namespace].[collection-name] # Initialize a new collection skeleton.
Vault Management
ansible-vault view [file] # View the contents of an encrypted file.
ansible-vault rekey --new-vault-password-file [file] [file] # Change the password of an encrypted file using a password file.
Ad-Hoc Commands
ansible all -m yum -a "name=httpd state=present" -b # Install a package on all hosts using the `yum` module.
ansible all -m service -a "name=httpd state=started" -b # Start a service on all hosts using the `service` module.
Playbook Management
ansible-playbook [playbook.yml] --step # Prompt before executing each task.
ansible-playbook [playbook.yml] --force-handlers # Run handlers even if a task fails.
Inventory Management
ansible-inventory --export # Export the inventory in JSON format.
ansible-inventory --list-hosts # List all hosts in the inventory.
Role and Collection Management
ansible-galaxy role search [keyword] # Search for roles on Ansible Galaxy.
ansible-galaxy collection search [keyword] # Search for collections on Ansible Galaxy.
Vault Management
ansible-vault encrypt_string '[string]' --name '[variable_name]' # Encrypt a string for use in a playbook or role.
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Cloud Services and CLI Tools
AWS CLI commands
General Commands
aws --version # Display the AWS CLI version.
aws configure # Configure the AWS CLI with your credentials and settings.
aws help # Get help on AWS CLI commands.
EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
aws ec2 describe-instances # List all EC2 instances.
aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids [instance-id] # Start an EC2 instance.
aws ec2 stop-instances --instance-ids [instance-id] # Stop an EC2 instance.
aws ec2 terminate-instances --instance-ids [instance-id] # Terminate an EC2 instance.
S3 (Simple Storage Service)
aws s3 ls # List all S3 buckets.
aws s3 mb s3://[bucket-name] # Create a new S3 bucket.
aws s3 cp [file] s3://[bucket-name]/[key] # Copy a file to an S3 bucket.
aws s3 rm s3://[bucket-name]/[key] # Remove a file from an S3 bucket.
IAM (Identity and Access Management)
aws iam list-users # List all IAM users.
aws iam create-user --user-name [username] # Create a new IAM user.
aws iam delete-user --user-name [username] # Delete an IAM user.
aws iam attach-user-policy --user-name [username] --policy-arn [policy-arn] # Attach a policy to an IAM user.
Lambda
aws lambda list-functions # List all Lambda functions.
aws lambda create-function --function-name [name] --runtime [runtime] --role [role-arn] --handler [handler] --zip-file fileb://[file-path] # Create a new Lambda function.
aws lambda invoke --function-name [name] [output-file] # Invoke a Lambda function.
aws lambda delete-function --function-name [name] # Delete a Lambda function.
CloudFormation
aws cloudformation list-stacks # List all CloudFormation stacks.
aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name [name] --template-body file://[template-file] # Create a new CloudFormation stack.
aws cloudformation delete-stack --stack-name [name] # Delete a CloudFormation stack.
RDS (Relational Database Service)
aws rds describe-db-instances # List all RDS instances.
aws rds start-db-instance --db-instance-identifier [identifier] # Start an RDS instance.
aws rds stop-db-instance --db-instance-identifier [identifier] # Stop an RDS instance.
aws rds delete-db-instance --db-instance-identifier [identifier] --skip-final-snapshot # Delete an RDS instance.
ECS (Elastic Container Service)
aws ecs list-clusters # List all ECS clusters.
aws ecs create-cluster --cluster-name [name] # Create a new ECS cluster.
aws ecs delete-cluster --cluster [name] # Delete an ECS cluster.
CloudWatch
aws cloudwatch list-metrics # List all CloudWatch metrics.
aws cloudwatch put-metric-alarm --alarm-name [name] --metric-name [metric] --namespace [namespace] --statistic [statistic] --period [period] --threshold [threshold] --comparison-operator [operator] --evaluation-periods [periods] --alarm-actions [actions] # Create a CloudWatch alarm.
aws cloudwatch delete-alarms --alarm-names [name] # Delete a CloudWatch alarm.
ECR (Elastic Container Registry)
aws ecr create-repository --repository-name [name] # Create a new ECR repository.
aws ecr delete-repository --repository-name [name] # Delete an ECR repository.
aws ecr list-images --repository-name [name] # List images in an ECR repository.
General Commands
aws configure list # Display the current configuration settings.
aws configure get [setting] # Get a specific configuration setting.
aws configure set [setting] [value] # Set a specific configuration setting.
EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
aws ec2 describe-volumes # List all EBS volumes.
aws ec2 create-snapshot --volume-id [volume-id] # Create a snapshot of an EBS volume.
aws ec2 describe-snapshots # List all EBS snapshots.
S3 (Simple Storage Service)
aws s3 sync [source] s3://[bucket-name]/[destination] # Sync files between a local directory and an S3 bucket.
aws s3 ls s3://[bucket-name] # List objects in an S3 bucket.
IAM (Identity and Access Management)
aws iam list-roles # List all IAM roles.
aws iam create-role --role-name [role-name] --assume-role-policy-document file://[policy-file] # Create a new IAM role.
aws iam delete-role --role-name [role-name] # Delete an IAM role.
Lambda
aws lambda update-function-code --function-name [name] --zip-file fileb://[file-path] # Update the code of a Lambda function.
aws lambda list-aliases --function-name [name] # List aliases for a Lambda function.
CloudFormation
aws cloudformation update-stack --stack-name [name] --template-body file://[template-file] # Update a CloudFormation stack.
aws cloudformation describe-stack-events --stack-name [name] # List events for a CloudFormation stack.
RDS (Relational Database Service)
aws rds create-db-snapshot --db-instance-identifier [identifier] --db-snapshot-identifier [snapshot-id] # Create a snapshot of an RDS instance.
aws rds describe-db-snapshots # List all RDS snapshots.
ECS (Elastic Container Service)
aws ecs list-tasks --cluster [cluster-name] # List tasks in an ECS cluster.
aws ecs describe-tasks --cluster [cluster-name] --tasks [task-id] # Describe tasks in an ECS cluster.
CloudWatch
aws cloudwatch get-metric-statistics --namespace [namespace] --metric-name [metric] --start-time [start-time] --end-time [end-time] --period [period] --statistics [statistics] # Retrieve statistics for a specific metric.
ECR (Elastic Container Registry)
aws ecr batch-delete-image --repository-name [name] --image-ids imageTag=[tag] # Delete images from an ECR repository.
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AZURE CLI commands
General Commands
az login # Log in to Azure.
az logout # Log out of Azure.
az account show # Show the details of the current subscription.
az account list # List all subscriptions.
Resource Group Management
az group create --name [group-name] --location [location] # Create a new resource group.
az group delete --name [group-name] # Delete a resource group.
az group list # List all resource groups.
Virtual Machines (VMs)
az vm create --resource-group [group-name] --name [vm-name] --image [image] # Create a new virtual machine.
az vm start --resource-group [group-name] --name [vm-name] # Start a virtual machine.
az vm stop --resource-group [group-name] --name [vm-name] # Stop a virtual machine.
az vm delete --resource-group [group-name] --name [vm-name] # Delete a virtual machine.
az vm list # List all virtual machines.
Storage Accounts
az storage account create --name [account-name] --resource-group [group-name] --location [location] --sku [sku] # Create a new storage account.
az storage account delete --name [account-name] --resource-group [group-name] # Delete a storage account.
az storage account list # List all storage accounts.
Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
az aks create --resource-group [group-name] --name [cluster-name] --node-count [count] --enable-addons monitoring --generate-ssh-keys # Create a new AKS cluster.
az aks delete --resource-group [group-name] --name [cluster-name] # Delete an AKS cluster.
az aks list # List all AKS clusters.
Azure Functions
az functionapp create --resource-group [group-name] --consumption-plan-location [location] --runtime [runtime] --name [app-name] --storage-account [account-name] # Create a new function app.
az functionapp delete --resource-group [group-name] --name [app-name] # Delete a function app.
az functionapp list # List all function apps.
Azure SQL Database
az sql server create --name [server-name] --resource-group [group-name] --location [location] --admin-user [username] --admin-password [password] # Create a new SQL server.
az sql db create --resource-group [group-name] --server [server-name] --name [db-name] --service-objective S0 # Create a new SQL database.
az sql server delete --name [server-name] --resource-group [group-name] # Delete a SQL server.
az sql db delete --resource-group [group-name] --server [server-name] --name [db-name] # Delete a SQL database.
Networking
az network vnet create --name [vnet-name] --resource-group [group-name] --address-prefix [prefix] # Create a new virtual network.
az network vnet delete --name [vnet-name] --resource-group [group-name] # Delete a virtual network.
az network vnet list # List all virtual networks.
Additional Commands
az monitor metrics list --resource [resource-id] # List metrics for a resource.
az policy assignment create --name [assignment-name] --scope [scope] --policy [policy-id] # Create a policy assignment.
az role assignment create --assignee [user] --role [role] --scope [scope] # Create a role assignment.
General Commands
az configure # Configure the Azure CLI settings.
az feedback # Provide feedback to the Azure CLI team.
Resource Management
az resource list # List all resources in a subscription.
az resource show --id [resource-id] # Show details of a specific resource.
az resource delete --id [resource-id] # Delete a specific resource.
Virtual Machines (VMs)
az vm list-sizes --location [location] # List available VM sizes in a region.
az vm show --resource-group [group-name] --name [vm-name] # Show details of a specific VM.
az vm deallocate --resource-group [group-name] --name [vm-name] # Deallocate a VM.
Storage Accounts
az storage account show-usage --location [location] # Show the current usage of the storage account.
az storage blob list --account-name [account-name] --container-name [container-name] # List blobs in a container.
Networking
az network nsg create --resource-group [group-name] --name [nsg-name] # Create a new network security group.
az network nsg rule create --resource-group [group-name] --nsg-name [nsg-name] --name [rule-name] --priority [priority] --direction [direction] --access [access] --protocol [protocol] --source-address-prefixes [source] --source-port-ranges [source-port] --destination-address-prefixes [destination] --destination-port-ranges [destination-port] # Create a new security rule in a network security group.
Azure Active Directory (AAD)
az ad user create --display-name [name] --user-principal-name [email] --password [password] # Create a new Azure AD user.
az ad group create --display-name [name] --mail-nickname [nickname] # Create a new Azure AD group.
az ad group member add --group [group-name] --member-id [user-id] # Add a member to an Azure AD group.
Azure DevOps
az devops configure --defaults organization=https://dev.azure.com/[organization] # Configure the default Azure DevOps organization.
az devops project create --name [project-name] # Create a new Azure DevOps project.
az pipelines create --name [pipeline-name] --project [project-name] --repository [repository] --branch [branch] --yaml-path [path] # Create a new pipeline in Azure DevOps.
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AWS SAGEMAKER CLI commands
General Commands
aws sagemaker list-notebook-instances # List all SageMaker notebook instances.
aws sagemaker list-endpoints # List all SageMaker endpoints.
aws sagemaker list-training-jobs # List all SageMaker training jobs.
aws sagemaker list-models # List all SageMaker models.
Notebook Instances
aws sagemaker create-notebook-instance --notebook-instance-name [name] --instance-type [type] --role-arn [role-arn] # Create a new notebook instance.
aws sagemaker delete-notebook-instance --notebook-instance-name [name] # Delete a notebook instance.
aws sagemaker start-notebook-instance --notebook-instance-name [name] # Start a notebook instance.
aws sagemaker stop-notebook-instance --notebook-instance-name [name] # Stop a notebook instance.
Training Jobs
aws sagemaker create-training-job --training-job-name [name] --algorithm-specification [spec] --role-arn [role-arn] --input-data-config [config] --output-data-config [config] # Create a new training job.
aws sagemaker describe-training-job --training-job-name [name] # Describe a training job.
aws sagemaker stop-training-job --training-job-name [name] # Stop a training job.
Models
aws sagemaker create-model --model-name [name] --primary-container [container] --execution-role-arn [role-arn] # Create a new model.
aws sagemaker delete-model --model-name [name] # Delete a model.
aws sagemaker describe-model --model-name [name] # Describe a model.
Endpoints
aws sagemaker create-endpoint --endpoint-name [name] --endpoint-config-name [config-name] # Create a new endpoint.
aws sagemaker delete-endpoint --endpoint-name [name] # Delete an endpoint.
aws sagemaker describe-endpoint --endpoint-name [name] # Describe an endpoint.
Hyperparameter Tuning Jobs
aws sagemaker create-hyper-parameter-tuning-job --hyper-parameter-tuning-job-name [name] --hyper-parameter-tuning-job-config [config] --training-job-definition [definition] # Create a new hyperparameter tuning job.
aws sagemaker describe-hyper-parameter-tuning-job --hyper-parameter-tuning-job-name [name] # Describe a hyperparameter tuning job.
aws sagemaker stop-hyper-parameter-tuning-job --hyper-parameter-tuning-job-name [name] # Stop a hyperparameter tuning job.
Processing Jobs
aws sagemaker create-processing-job --processing-job-name [name] --processing-resources [resources] --app-specification [spec] --role-arn [role-arn] # Create a new processing job.
aws sagemaker describe-processing-job --processing-job-name [name] # Describe a processing job.
aws sagemaker stop-processing-job --processing-job-name [name] # Stop a processing job.
Additional Commands
aws sagemaker list-apps # List all SageMaker apps.
aws sagemaker list-model-packages # List all model packages.
aws sagemaker list-endpoint-configs # List all endpoint configurations.
aws sagemaker list-transform-jobs # List all transform jobs.
General Commands
aws sagemaker list-tags --resource-arn [resource-arn] # List tags for a SageMaker resource.
aws sagemaker add-tags --resource-arn [resource-arn] --tags [key=value] # Add tags to a SageMaker resource.
aws sagemaker delete-tags --resource-arn [resource-arn] --tag-keys [key] # Delete tags from a SageMaker resource.
AutoML Jobs
aws sagemaker create-auto-ml-job --auto-ml-job-name [name] --input-data-config [config] --output-data-config [config] --role-arn [role-arn] # Create an AutoML job.
aws sagemaker describe-auto-ml-job --auto-ml-job-name [name] # Describe an AutoML job.
aws sagemaker list-auto-ml-jobs # List all AutoML jobs.
Model Package Management
aws sagemaker create-model-package --model-package-name [name] --model-package-group-name [group-name] --model-metrics [metrics] --inference-specification [spec] # Create a model package.
aws sagemaker describe-model-package --model-package-name [name] # Describe a model package.
aws sagemaker list-model-packages # List all model packages.
Pipelines
aws sagemaker create-pipeline --pipeline-name [name] --pipeline-definition [definition] --role-arn [role-arn] # Create a new pipeline.
aws sagemaker describe-pipeline --pipeline-name [name] # Describe a pipeline.
aws sagemaker list-pipelines # List all pipelines.
aws sagemaker start-pipeline-execution --pipeline-name [name] # Start a pipeline execution.
Data Wrangler
aws sagemaker create-flow-definition --flow-definition-name [name] --role-arn [role-arn] --human-loop-config [config] # Create a Data Wrangler flow definition.
aws sagemaker describe-flow-definition --flow-definition-name [name] # Describe a Data Wrangler flow definition.
aws sagemaker list-flow-definitions # List all Data Wrangler flow definitions.
Feature Store
aws sagemaker create-feature-group --feature-group-name [name] --record-identifier-feature-name [feature-name] --event-time-feature-name [feature-name] --role-arn [role-arn] # Create a feature group.
aws sagemaker describe-feature-group --feature-group-name [name] # Describe a feature group.
aws sagemaker list-feature-groups # List all feature groups.
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Workflow and Data Pipelines
APACHE AIRFLOW CLI commands
DAG Management
airflow dags backfill [dag-id] # Run tasks in a DAG for a specified date range.
airflow dags reserialize # Reserialize all DAGs to the database.
Task Management
airflow tasks render [dag-id] [task-id] [execution-date] # Render a task instance's template(s).
airflow tasks state [dag-id] [task-id] [execution-date] # Get the status of a task instance.
airflow tasks states-for-dag-run [dag-id] [execution-date] # Get the status of all task instances in a DAG run.
Database Management
airflow db check # Check the status of the metadata database.
airflow db shell # Run a shell to access the metadata database.
Pools Management
airflow pools list # List all pools.
airflow pools set [name] [slots] [description] # Create or update a pool.
airflow pools delete [name] # Delete a pool.
Providers Management
airflow providers list # List all providers.
airflow providers get [provider-name] # Get information about a specific provider.
Roles Management
airflow roles list # List all roles.
airflow roles create [role-name] # Create a new role.
airflow roles delete [role-name] # Delete a role.
Plugins Management
airflow plugins list # List all plugins.
Miscellaneous
airflow kerberos # Start a Kerberos ticket renewer.
airflow rotate-fernet-key # Rotate the Fernet key used for encrypting data.
DAG Management
airflow dags backfill [dag-id] # Run tasks in a DAG for a specified date range.
airflow dags reserialize # Reserialize all DAGs to the database.
Task Management
airflow tasks render [dag-id] [task-id] [execution-date] # Render a task instance's template(s).
airflow tasks state [dag-id] [task-id] [execution-date] # Get the status of a task instance.
airflow tasks states-for-dag-run [dag-id] [execution-date] # Get the status of all task instances in a DAG run.
Database Management
airflow db check # Check the status of the metadata database.
airflow db shell # Run a shell to access the metadata database.
Pools Management
airflow pools list # List all pools.
airflow pools set [name] [slots] [description] # Create or update a pool.
airflow pools delete [name] # Delete a pool.
Providers Management
airflow providers list # List all providers.
airflow providers get [provider-name] # Get information about a specific provider.
Roles Management
airflow roles list # List all roles.
airflow roles create [role-name] # Create a new role.
airflow roles delete [role-name] # Delete a role.
Plugins Management
airflow plugins list # List all plugins.
Miscellaneous
airflow kerberos # Start a Kerberos ticket renewer.
airflow rotate-fernet-key # Rotate the Fernet key used for encrypting data.
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MLFLOW CLI commands
General Commands
mlflow --version # Show the MLflow version.
mlflow --help # Get help on MLflow commands.
Experiment Management
mlflow experiments create --experiment-name [name] # Create a new experiment.
mlflow experiments delete --experiment-id [id] # Delete an experiment.
mlflow experiments list # List all experiments.
mlflow experiments restore --experiment-id [id] # Restore a deleted experiment.
Run Management
mlflow run [uri] # Run an MLflow project from a given URI.
mlflow runs list # List all runs.
mlflow runs delete --run-id [id] # Delete a run.
mlflow runs restore --run-id [id] # Restore a deleted run.
Artifact Management
mlflow artifacts log-artifact --local-file [file] # Log a local file as an artifact.
mlflow artifacts list --run-id [id] # List all artifacts for a run.
mlflow artifacts download --run-id [id] --artifact-path [path] # Download an artifact.
Model Management
mlflow models serve --model-uri [uri] # Serve a model locally.
mlflow models predict --model-uri [uri] --input-path [input] --output-path [output] # Generate predictions using a model.
mlflow models build-docker --model-uri [uri] --name [name] # Build a Docker image for a model.
Deployment
mlflow deployments create --name [name] --model-uri [uri] --flavor [flavor] # Deploy a model.
mlflow deployments delete --name [name] # Delete a deployment.
mlflow deployments list # List all deployments.
Tracking Server
mlflow server --host [host] --port [port] # Start the MLflow tracking server.
Miscellaneous
mlflow db upgrade # Upgrade the database schema.
mlflow gc # Perform garbage collection on the tracking server.
Experiment Management
mlflow experiments update --experiment-id [id] --new-name [name] # Update the name of an experiment.
Run Management
mlflow runs search --experiment-ids [id] --filter [filter] # Search for runs that match a filter expression.
mlflow runs describe --run-id [id] # Describe a run.
Artifact Management
mlflow artifacts download --artifact-uri [uri] --dst-path [path] # Download an artifact from a specified URI.
Model Management
mlflow models list # List all registered models.
mlflow models delete --name [name] # Delete a registered model.
mlflow models transition-stage --model-name [name] --version [version] --stage [stage] # Transition a model version to a different stage.
Deployment
mlflow deployments update --name [name] --model-uri [uri] # Update an existing deployment with a new model.
mlflow deployments get --name [name] # Get details of a deployment.
Miscellaneous
mlflow doctor # Check for common issues in the MLflow installation.
mlflow gateway # Manage MLflow gateway configurations.
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Web Servers and Networking
NGINX CLI commands
General Commands
nginx -v # Show the Nginx version.
nginx -V # Show the Nginx version, compiler version, and configure parameters.
nginx -t # Test the configuration file for syntax errors.
nginx -T # Test the configuration file and dump it to standard output.
nginx -s [signal] # Send a signal to the master process. Signals can be:
stop # Shut down quickly.
quit # Shut down gracefully.
reload # Reload the configuration.
reopen # Reopen log files.
Configuration Management
nginx -c [file] # Use an alternative configuration file.
nginx -g [directives] # Set global configuration directives.
nginx -p [prefix] # Set the Nginx path prefix.
Service Management (Systemd)
sudo systemctl start nginx # Start the Nginx service.
sudo systemctl stop nginx # Stop the Nginx service.
sudo systemctl restart nginx # Restart the Nginx service.
sudo systemctl reload nginx # Reload the Nginx configuration.
sudo systemctl status nginx # Check the status of the Nginx service.
Service Management (SysVinit)
sudo service nginx start # Start the Nginx service.
sudo service nginx stop # Stop the Nginx service.
sudo service nginx restart # Restart the Nginx service.
sudo service nginx reload # Reload the Nginx configuration.
sudo service nginx status # Check the status of the Nginx service.
Log Management
nginx -e [file] # Use an alternative error log file.
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TCP IP Commands
Basic Commands
ipconfig # Display IP configuration (Windows).
ifconfig # Display IP configuration (Linux/Unix).
ping # Test connectivity to a host.
tracert # Trace the route to a host (Windows).
traceroute # Trace the route to a host (Linux/Unix).
netstat # Display network connections, routing tables, and interface statistics.
route # Display or modify the routing table.
arp # Display or modify the ARP table.
ip # Advanced IP configuration (Linux/Unix, replaces `ifconfig`).
hostname # Display or set the hostname of the system.
Advanced Commands
nslookup # Query DNS servers for domain name or IP address information.
dig # Query DNS servers (Linux/Unix).
tcpdump # Capture and analyze network packets (Linux/Unix).
wireshark # Graphical network protocol analyzer.
nmap # Network exploration and security auditing tool.
telnet # Connect to remote hosts using the Telnet protocol.
ssh # Securely connect to remote hosts using SSH.
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DNS Commands
Basic Commands
nslookup # Query DNS servers for domain name or IP address information.
dig # Query DNS servers (Linux/Unix).
host # DNS lookup utility (Linux/Unix).
ipconfig /displaydns # Display the DNS resolver cache (Windows).
ipconfig /flushdns # Flush the DNS resolver cache (Windows).
Advanced Commands
dnscmd # Manage DNS servers (Windows Server).
rndc # Remote name daemon control for BIND DNS servers (Linux/Unix).
named-checkconf # Check the syntax of BIND DNS configuration files (Linux/Unix).
named-checkzone # Check the syntax and consistency of BIND DNS zone files (Linux/Unix).
systemd-resolve --status # Show the current DNS settings (Linux with systemd).
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Databases
MySQL CLI commands
Basic Commands
mysql -u username -p # Connect to MySQL.
SHOW DATABASES; # Show all databases.
USE database_name; # Select a specific database.
SHOW TABLES; # Show all tables in the selected database.
DESCRIBE table_name; # Show the structure of a table.
CREATE DATABASE database_name; # Create a new database.
DROP DATABASE database_name; # Delete a database.
CREATE TABLE table_name (column1 datatype, column2 datatype, ...); # Create a new table.
DROP TABLE table_name; # Delete a table.
Data Manipulation
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...); # Insert data into a table.
SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name; # Retrieve data from a table.
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ... WHERE condition; # Update data in a table.
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition; # Delete data from a table.
User Management
CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; # Create a new user.
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database*name.* TO 'username'@'host'; # Grant privileges to a user.
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON database*name.* FROM 'username'@'host'; # Revoke privileges from a user.
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'username'@'host'; # Show the privileges granted to a user.
DROP USER 'username'@'host'; # Delete a user.
Database Maintenance
mysqldump -u username -p database_name > backup_file.sql # Backup a database.
mysql -u username -p database_name < backup_file.sql # Restore a database from a backup.
CHECK TABLE table_name; # Check a table for errors.
REPAIR TABLE table_name; # Repair a table.
OPTIMIZE TABLE table_name; # Optimize a table.
Advanced Commands
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype; # Add a new column to a table.
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name; # Remove a column from a table.
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name datatype; # Change the data type of a column.
CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name); # Create an index on a column.
DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name; # Remove an index from a column.
SHOW INDEX FROM table_name; # Show all indexes on a table.
Transaction Management
START TRANSACTION; # Begin a new transaction.
COMMIT; # Commit the current transaction.
ROLLBACK; # Roll back the current transaction.
Information and Status
SHOW STATUS; # Display server status information.
SHOW VARIABLES; # Display system variables.
SHOW PROCESSLIST; # Show active threads.
SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS; # Display InnoDB status information.
Security
FLUSH PRIVILEGES; # Reload the privileges from the grant tables in the `mysql` database.
SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'host' = PASSWORD('new_password'); # Change a user's password.
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POSTGRESQL CLI commands
Basic Commands
psql -U username -d database_name # Connect to a PostgreSQL database.
\l # List all databases.
\c database_name # Connect to a specific database.
\dt # List all tables in the current database.
\d table_name # Describe the structure of a table.
CREATE DATABASE database_name; # Create a new database.
DROP DATABASE database_name; # Delete a database.
CREATE TABLE table_name (column1 datatype, column2 datatype, ...); # Create a new table.
DROP TABLE table_name; # Delete a table.
Data Manipulation
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...); # Insert data into a table.
SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name; # Retrieve data from a table.
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ... WHERE condition; # Update data in a table.
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition; # Delete data from a table.
User Management
CREATE USER username WITH PASSWORD 'password'; # Create a new user.
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE database_name TO username; # Grant privileges to a user.
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE database_name FROM username; # Revoke privileges from a user.
\du # List all users and their roles.
DROP USER username; # Delete a user.
Database Maintenance
pg_dump -U username -d database_name -f backup_file.sql # Backup a database.
psql -U username -d database_name -f backup_file.sql # Restore a database from a backup.
VACUUM table_name; # Clean up and optimize a table.
ANALYZE table_name; # Collect statistics about a table for the query planner.
Advanced Commands
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_name datatype; # Add a new column to a table.
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name; # Remove a column from a table.
ALTER TABLE table_name ALTER COLUMN column_name TYPE datatype; # Change the data type of a column.
CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name); # Create an index on a column.
DROP INDEX index_name; # Remove an index.
Transaction Management
BEGIN; # Begin a new transaction.
COMMIT; # Commit the current transaction.
ROLLBACK; # Roll back the current transaction.
Information and Status
\conninfo # Display information about the current database connection.
\dt+ # List all tables with additional information.
\di # List all indexes.
\df # List all functions.
\dv # List all views.
Security
ALTER USER username WITH PASSWORD 'new_password'; # Change a user's password.
REVOKE CONNECT ON DATABASE database_name FROM PUBLIC; # Restrict access to a database.
Advanced Commands
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name; # Rename a table.
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME COLUMN old_column_name TO new_column_name; # Rename a column.
COPY table_name TO 'file_path' WITH (FORMAT csv); # Export table data to a CSV file.
COPY table_name FROM 'file_path' WITH (FORMAT csv); # Import data from a CSV file into a table.
Information and Status
\l+ # List all databases with additional information.
\d+ table_name # Describe the structure of a table with additional information.
\x # Toggle expanded display mode for query results.
Security
REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA public FROM PUBLIC; # Restrict access to the public schema.
GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA schema_name TO username; # Grant usage on a schema to a user.
GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA schema_name TO username; # Grant select privileges on all tables in a schema to a user.
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Monitoring and Logging
PROMETHEUS CLI commands
Basic Commands
prometheus --config.file=path/to/config.yml # Start Prometheus with a specific configuration file.
prometheus --version # Show the Prometheus version.
prometheus --help # Show help for Prometheus CLI.
Configuration and Management
prometheus --storage.tsdb.path=data/ # Set the storage path for metrics.
prometheus --web.listen-address=:9090 # Set the address to listen on for the web interface and API.
prometheus --web.enable-lifecycle # Enable HTTP endpoints for lifecycle management (e.g., reload configuration).
prometheus --web.enable-admin-api # Enable API endpoints for administrative actions.
Storage and Retention
prometheus --storage.tsdb.retention.time=15d # Set the retention time for metrics data.
prometheus --storage.tsdb.retention.size=512MB # Set the retention size for metrics data.
Remote Write and Read
prometheus --web.enable-remote-write-receiver # Enable the remote write receiver endpoint.
prometheus --web.enable-remote-read-receiver # Enable the remote read receiver endpoint.
Promtool Commands
promtool check config path/to/config.yml # Validate the Prometheus configuration file.
promtool check rules path/to/rules.yml # Validate the Prometheus rules file.
promtool query instant --query='up' --time='2025-03-04T12:00:00Z' # Execute an instant query against a Prometheus server.
promtool query range --query='up' --start='2025-03-04T00:00:00Z' --end='2025-03-04T12:00:00Z' --step=60s # Execute a range query against a Prometheus server.
Configuration and Management
prometheus --config.auto-reload-interval=30s # Automatically reload the configuration file at specified intervals.
prometheus --web.config.file=path/to/web_config.yml # Path to a configuration file that can enable TLS or authentication.
prometheus --web.read-timeout=5m # Set the maximum duration before timing out read requests.
prometheus --web.max-connections=512 # Set the maximum number of simultaneous connections.
prometheus --web.external-url=http://example.com # Set the external URL for Prometheus.
prometheus --web.route-prefix=/prometheus # Set the route prefix for web endpoints.
prometheus --web.user-assets=path/to/assets # Path to static asset directory.
Promtool Commands
promtool check metrics path/to/metrics # Validate metrics.
promtool tsdb analyze path/to/tsdb # Analyze a TSDB (Time Series Database) for issues.
promtool tsdb create-blocks-from openmetrics path/to/openmetrics # Create TSDB blocks from OpenMetrics data.
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Development Tools
EXPO CLI commands
Basic Commands
npx expo start # Start the development server.
npx expo prebuild # Generate native Android and iOS directories.
npx expo run:android # Compile and run the native Android app locally.
npx expo run:ios # Compile and run the native iOS app locally.
npx expo install package-name # Install a new library or validate and update specific libraries.
npx expo login # Log in to your Expo account.
npx expo logout # Log out of your Expo account.
npx expo whoami # Display the currently logged-in user.
npx expo register # Create a new Expo account.
Project Management
npx expo export # Export the static files of your project.
npx expo customize # Customize the native project configuration.
npx expo config # Read and write the app configuration.
Development Tools
npx expo lint # Set up and configure ESLint, or lint your project files if ESLint is already configured.
npx expo-doctor # Diagnose issues in your Expo project.
EAS CLI (Expo Application Services)
eas build # Build your app using EAS services.
eas update # Create over-the-air (OTA) updates.
eas submit # Submit your app to the app stores.
eas login # Log in to your Expo account using EAS CLI.
eas logout # Log out of your Expo account using EAS CLI.
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NPM CLI commands
Basic Commands
npm init # Create a `package.json` file.
npm install # Install all dependencies listed in `package.json`.
npm install <package> # Install a specific package.
npm uninstall <package> # Remove a specific package.
npm update # Update all packages to the latest version.
npm outdated # Check for outdated packages.
npm list # List installed packages.
npm run <script> # Run a script defined in `package.json`.
Package Management
npm publish # Publish a package to the npm registry.
npm unpublish # Remove a package from the npm registry.
npm version <newversion> # Bump a package version.
npm view <package> # View registry information about a package.
npm link # Symlink a package folder.
npm pack # Create a tarball from a package.
Configuration and Cache
npm config set <key> <value> # Set a configuration value.
npm config get <key> # Get a configuration value.
npm cache clean --force # Clean the npm cache.
Security and Auditing
npm audit # Run a security audit.
npm audit fix # Automatically fix vulnerabilities.
User Management
npm login # Log in to the npm registry.
npm logout # Log out of the npm registry.
npm whoami # Display the logged-in user.
Miscellaneous
npm help # Get help on npm commands.
npm doctor # Check your environment for potential problems.
npm fund # Display funding information for dependencies.
npm dedupe # Reduce duplication in the `node_modules` folder.
Advanced Commands
npx expo upgrade # Upgrade your project and its dependencies to the latest versions.
npx expo eject # Create native iOS and Android projects for your app.
npx expo publish # Publish your project to Expo's hosting service.
npx expo build:android # Build a standalone APK or App Bundle for Android.
npx expo build:ios # Build a standalone IPA for iOS.
npx expo diagnostics # Print environment info to debug and report issues.
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YARN CLI commands
Basic Commands
yarn init # Initialize a new project.
yarn install # Install all dependencies defined in `package.json`.
yarn add <package> # Add a package to the project.
yarn remove <package> # Remove a package from the project.
yarn upgrade # Upgrade all dependencies to their latest version.
yarn run <script> # Run a script defined in `package.json`.
Package Management
yarn publish # Publish a package to the npm registry.
yarn pack # Create a tarball from the project.
yarn link # Symlink a package folder.
yarn unlink # Remove a symlinked package.
Configuration and Cache
yarn config set <key> <value> # Set a configuration value.
yarn config get <key> # Get a configuration value.
yarn config delete <key> # Delete a configuration value.
yarn cache clean # Clean the Yarn cache.
Security and Auditing
yarn audit # Run a security audit.
yarn audit fix # Automatically fix vulnerabilities.
User Management
yarn login # Log in to the npm registry.
yarn logout # Log out of the npm registry.
yarn whoami # Display the logged-in user.
Miscellaneous
yarn help # Get help on Yarn commands.
yarn info <package> # Show information about a package.
yarn list # List installed packages.
yarn why <package> # Explain why a package is installed.
yarn version # Bump the version of your project.
Workspaces
yarn workspace <workspace_name> <command> # Run a command within a specific workspace.
yarn workspaces list # List all available workspaces.
Advanced Commands
yarn dedupe # Deduplicate dependencies with overlapping ranges.
yarn exec <command> # Execute a shell command.
yarn explain <error_code> # Explain an error code.
yarn stage # Add all Yarn files to your version control system.
yarn unplug <package> # Force the unpacking of a list of packages.
Advanced Commands
npm ci # Install dependencies from `package-lock.json` without modifying it.
npm exec <command> # Execute a command from a local package.
npm explain <dependency> # Explain why a dependency is installed.
npm dedupe # Reduce duplication in the `node_modules` folder.
npm prune # Remove extraneous packages.
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PIP Commands
Basic Commands
pip install package_name # Install a package.
pip install --upgrade package_name # Upgrade a package.
pip uninstall package_name # Uninstall a package.
pip list # List installed packages.
pip show package_name # Show information about a package.
pip search query # Search for packages.
pip freeze # Output installed packages and their versions.
pip install -r requirements.txt # Install packages from a requirements file.
pip freeze > requirements.txt # Generate a requirements file.
pip list --outdated # Check for outdated packages.
Advanced Commands
pip check # Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
pip cache list # List the contents of the pip cache.
pip cache purge # Remove all items from the pip cache.
pip install --user package_name # Install a package for the current user.
pip install --no-deps package_name # Install a package without dependencies.
pip install --force-reinstall package_name # Reinstall a package, even if it is already installed.
pip install --pre package_name # Install pre-release versions of a package.
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Package Managers
APT Commands
Basic Commands
sudo apt update # Update the package list.
sudo apt upgrade # Upgrade all installed packages to their latest versions.
sudo apt install package_name # Install a new package.
sudo apt remove package_name # Remove a package.
sudo apt autoremove # Remove unnecessary packages.
sudo apt clean # Clean up the local repository of retrieved package files.
sudo apt show package_name # Show detailed information about a package.
sudo apt list # List packages based on criteria (e.g., `--installed`, `--upgradable`).
Advanced Commands
sudo apt full-upgrade # Perform an upgrade, potentially removing some packages if necessary.
sudo apt search keyword # Search for a package by keyword.
sudo apt policy package_name # Show the installed and available versions of a package.
sudo apt edit-sources # Edit the sources list.
sudo apt depends package_name # Show the dependencies of a package.
sudo apt rdepends package_name # Show reverse dependencies of a package.
sudo apt purge package_name # Remove a package and its configuration files.
sudo apt download package_name # Download a package file without installing it.
sudo apt list --upgradable # List all packages that can be upgraded.
sudo apt list --installed # List all installed packages.
sudo apt list --all-versions # List all available versions of a package.
sudo apt-mark hold package_name # Prevent a package from being automatically upgraded.
sudo apt-mark unhold package_name # Allow a package to be automatically upgraded again.
sudo apt-get build-dep package_name # Install dependencies required to build a package from source.
sudo apt-get source package_name # Download the source code of a package.
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YUM Commands
Basic Commands
sudo yum update # Update all packages to the latest version.
sudo yum install package_name # Install a new package.
sudo yum remove package_name # Remove a package.
sudo yum list # List all available and installed packages.
sudo yum search keyword # Search for a package by keyword.
sudo yum info package_name # Display detailed information about a package.
sudo yum clean all # Clean up the local repository of retrieved package files.
Advanced Commands
sudo yum check-update # Check for available package updates.
sudo yum deplist package_name # Display dependencies for a package.
sudo yum groupinstall "Group Name" # Install a group of packages.
sudo yum groupremove "Group Name" # Remove a group of packages.
sudo yum groupinfo "Group Name" # Display detailed information about a package group.
sudo yum history # Display the transaction history of `yum` commands.
sudo yum history undo transaction_id # Undo a specific transaction.
sudo yum history redo transaction_id # Redo a specific transaction.
sudo yum repolist # List all enabled repositories.
sudo yum repoinfo # Display detailed information about repositories.
sudo yum provides file_name # Find which package provides a specific file.
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Utilities
CURL Commands
Basic Commands
curl http://example.com # Fetch a URL.
curl -O http://example.com/file.txt # Download a file.
curl -o output.txt http://example.com/file.txt # Download a file and save it with a specific name.
curl -I http://example.com # Fetch the headers of a URL.
curl -L http://example.com # Follow redirects.
curl -u username:password http://example.com # Access a URL with basic authentication.
curl -d "param1=value1¶m2=value2" http://example.com # Send POST data.
curl -X POST http://example.com # Send a POST request.
curl -X DELETE http://example.com # Send a DELETE request.
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"key":"value"}' http://example.com # Send JSON data.
Advanced Commands
curl -F "name=@file.txt" http://example.com/upload # Upload a file.
curl -b cookies.txt http://example.com # Send cookies from a file.
curl -c cookies.txt http://example.com # Save cookies to a file.
curl -k https://example.com # Ignore SSL certificate warnings.
curl --limit-rate 100K http://example.com # Limit the download rate.
curl --proxy http://proxy.example.com:8080 http://example.com # Use a proxy.
curl --compressed http://example.com # Request a compressed response.
curl --interface eth0 http://example.com # Use a specific network interface.
curl --retry 5 http://example.com # Retry a failed request up to 5 times.
curl --data-urlencode "param=value" http://example.com # URL encode POST data.
curl -X PUT http://example.com # Send a PUT request.
curl -X PATCH http://example.com # Send a PATCH request.
curl -T file.txt http://example.com # Upload a file using PUT.
curl -u username:password -T file.txt ftp://example.com # Upload a file to an FTP server with authentication.
curl -C - -O http://example.com/file.txt # Resume a previous file transfer.
curl --head http://example.com # Fetch only the headers of a URL.
curl --data-binary @file.bin http://example.com # Send binary data.
curl --cert cert.pem --key key.pem https://example.com # Use a client certificate for HTTPS requests.
curl --max-time 10 http://example.com # Set a maximum time for the request.
curl --connect-timeout 5 http://example.com # Set a maximum time for the connection phase.
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Messaging and Queuing
MQTT CLI Commands
Basic Commands
mqtt pub -t [topic] -m "[message]" -h [broker] # Publish a message to a topic.
mqtt sub -t [topic] -h [broker] # Subscribe to a topic.
mqtt sh # Enter shell mode.
mqtt test -h [broker] # Run tests against a broker.
mqtt --help # Get an overview of supported commands.
Advanced Commands
mqtt pub -t [topic] -m "[message]" -h [broker] -q [QoS] # Publish a message with a specific Quality of Service (QoS) level.
mqtt sub -t [topic] -h [broker] -q [QoS] # Subscribe to a topic with a specific QoS level.
mqtt pub -t [topic] -m "[message]" -h [broker] -r # Publish a retained message.
mqtt sub -t [topic] -h [broker] -v # Subscribe to a topic with verbose output.
Connection Management
mqtt conn -h [broker] -p [port] # Connect to a broker on a specific port.
mqtt disconn # Disconnect from the broker.
mqtt reconnect # Reconnect to the broker.
Security
mqtt pub -t [topic] -m "[message]" -h [broker] --cafile [file] # Publish a message using a CA certificate file.
mqtt sub -t [topic] -h [broker] --cafile [file] # Subscribe to a topic using a CA certificate file.
Shell Mode Commands
mqtt con -i [client-id] # Connect an MQTT client with a specific client ID.
mqtt dis # Disconnect an MQTT client.
mqtt switch # Switch the current client context.
mqtt ls # List all connected clients in the current session.
mqtt cls # Clear the screen.
mqtt exit # Exit the shell mode.
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RabbitMQ CLI Commands
General Management
rabbitmqctl status # Display the status of the RabbitMQ node.
rabbitmqctl stop # Stop the RabbitMQ node.
rabbitmqctl start_app # Start the RabbitMQ application.
rabbitmqctl stop_app # Stop the RabbitMQ application.
rabbitmqctl reset # Reset the RabbitMQ node to its initial state.
rabbitmqctl rotate_logs # Rotate the RabbitMQ logs.
User Management
rabbitmqctl add_user [username] [password] # Add a new user.
rabbitmqctl delete_user [username] # Delete a user.
rabbitmqctl list_users # List all users.
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags [username] [tag] # Set tags for a user.
Virtual Host Management
rabbitmqctl add_vhost [vhost] # Add a new virtual host.
rabbitmqctl delete_vhost [vhost] # Delete a virtual host.
rabbitmqctl list_vhosts # List all virtual hosts.
Permission Management
rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p [vhost] [user] "[conf]" "[write]" "[read]" # Set permissions for a user on a virtual host.
rabbitmqctl clear_permissions -p [vhost] [user] # Clear permissions for a user on a virtual host.
rabbitmqctl list_permissions -p [vhost] # List all permissions for a virtual host.
Queue Management
rabbitmqctl list_queues # List all queues.
rabbitmqctl purge_queue [queue] # Purge all messages from a queue.
rabbitmqctl delete_queue [queue] # Delete a queue.
### Exchange Management
```
{% endraw %}
bash
rabbitmqctl list_exchanges # List all exchanges.
rabbitmqctl delete_exchange [exchange] # Delete an exchange.
{% raw %}
Plugin Management
bash
rabbitmq-plugins enable [plugin] # Enable a plugin.
rabbitmq-plugins disable [plugin] # Disable a plugin.
rabbitmq-plugins list # List all plugins.
Diagnostics
bash
rabbitmq-diagnostics check_port_connectivity # Check port connectivity.
rabbitmq-diagnostics memory_breakdown # Display memory usage breakdown.
rabbitmq-diagnostics server_version # Display the RabbitMQ server version.
HTTP API Management
bash
rabbitmqadmin list [object] # List objects (e.g., queues, exchanges).
rabbitmqadmin declare [object] # Declare objects (e.g., queues, exchanges).
rabbitmqadmin delete [object] # Delete objects (e.g., queues, exchanges).
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Kafka CLI Commands
General Management
kafka-server-start.sh [config-file] # Start a Kafka server with the specified configuration file.
kafka-server-stop.sh # Stop the running Kafka server.
zookeeper-server-start.sh [config-file] # Start the ZooKeeper server with the specified configuration file.
zookeeper-server-stop.sh # Stop the running ZooKeeper server.
Topic Management
kafka-topics.sh --create --topic [topic-name] --bootstrap-server [server] --partitions [num] --replication-factor [num] # Create a new topic.
kafka-topics.sh --list --bootstrap-server [server] # List all topics.
kafka-topics.sh --describe --topic [topic-name] --bootstrap-server [server] # Describe a topic.
kafka-topics.sh --delete --topic [topic-name] --bootstrap-server [server] # Delete a topic.
Producer and Consumer
kafka-console-producer.sh --topic [topic-name] --bootstrap-server [server] # Start a console producer to send messages to a topic.
kafka-console-consumer.sh --topic [topic-name] --bootstrap-server [server] --from-beginning # Start a console consumer to read messages from a topic from the beginning.
Consumer Group Management
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --list --bootstrap-server [server] # List all consumer groups.
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --describe --group [group-name] --bootstrap-server [server] # Describe a consumer group.
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --delete --group [group-name] --bootstrap-server [server] # Delete a consumer group.
Offsets Management
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --reset-offsets --group [group-name] --topic [topic-name] --to-earliest --bootstrap-server [server] # Reset offsets for a consumer group to the earliest.
kafka-consumer-groups.sh --reset-offsets --group [group-name] --topic [topic-name] --to-latest --bootstrap-server [server] # Reset offsets for a consumer group to the latest.
Partition Management
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --reassignment-json-file [file] --execute --bootstrap-server [server] # Reassign partitions as specified in the JSON file.
kafka-reassign-partitions.sh --reassignment-json-file [file] --verify --bootstrap-server [server] # Verify partition reassignment.
Log Management
kafka-log-dirs.sh --describe --bootstrap-server [server] # Describe log directories.
Configuration Management
kafka-configs.sh --alter --entity-type [type] --entity-name [name] --add-config [config] --bootstrap-server [server] # Alter configurations for a specified entity.
kafka-configs.sh --describe --entity-type [type] --entity-name [name] --bootstrap-server [server] # Describe configurations for a specified entity.
Code Quality and Security
SonarQube CLI Commands
Basic Commands
sonar-scanner # Run the SonarQube scanner to analyze your project.
sonar-scanner -h # Display help information.
sonar-scanner -v # Display version information.
sonar-scanner -X # Produce execution debug output.
Configuration
-Dsonar.projectKey=[projectKey] # Set the unique project key.
-Dsonar.projectName=[projectName] # Set the project name.
-Dsonar.projectVersion=[version] # Set the project version.
-Dsonar.sources=[sourcePath] # Set the source code path.
-Dsonar.host.url=[URL] # Set the SonarQube server URL.
-Dsonar.login=[token] # Set the authentication token.
Advanced Configuration
-Dsonar.sourceEncoding=[encoding] # Set the source code encoding (default is system encoding).
-Dsonar.exclusions=[pattern] # Exclude files from analysis.
-Dsonar.inclusions=[pattern] # Include only specific files in the analysis.
-Dsonar.tests=[testPath] # Set the test code path.
-Dsonar.test.inclusions=[pattern] # Include only specific test files in the analysis.
-Dsonar.test.exclusions=[pattern] # Exclude test files from analysis.
Running Analysis
sonar-scanner -Dsonar.projectKey=my:project -Dsonar.sources=. -Dsonar.host.url=http://localhost:9000 -Dsonar.login=myAuthenticationToken # Example command to run analysis with specified parameters.
Docker Commands
docker
docker run --rm -e SONAR_HOST_URL="http://your-sonarqube-server" -v "${YOUR_REPO}:/usr/src" sonarsource/sonar-scanner-cli # Run SonarScanner CLI using Docker.
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π₯ Conclusion
Mastering the command line can significantly boost your productivity and efficiency. This cheat sheet is designed to be your go-to CLI reference, whether you're a beginner or an experienced user.
π‘ Stay Updated: I will continue to add new topics and update existing commands as technologies evolve. Make sure to bookmark this page and check back for the latest updates!
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