Summary

In OpenBSD 7.1 release, PostgreSQL was upgraded to 14.2.
This post shows how to install it on the latest OpenBSD.

Environment

OS: OpenBSD 7.1
DB: PostgreSQL 14.2

Tutorial

The overall

Each step is described as "One-by-one steps" later.

$ doas pkg_add postgresql-server

$ doas su - _postgresql
$ mkdir /var/postgresql/data

$ # --locale below is optional
$ initdb -D /var/postgresql/data -U postgres -A scram-sha-256 -E UTF-8 -W --locale=xx_XX.UTF-8
$ # will be asked password of the superuser, "postgres" above

$ exit

$ doas rcctl enable postgresql
$ doas rcctl start postgresql

One-by-one steps

Install

Get the package from ports system:

$ doas pkg_add postgresql-server

Init database

In order to avoid permissions error, switch user to _postgresql which was created above:

$ doas su - _postgresql

Create the directory for init_db:

$ mkdir /var/postgresql/data

Run initdb to create a database cluster:

$ initdb -D /var/postgresql/data -U postgres -A scram-sha-256 -E UTF-8 -W --locale=xx_XX.UTF-8

Well, -U postgres (= --user=...) above is the superuser's name. The password will be asked when -W (= --pwprompt) is set. -W and -A scram-sha-256 (= --auth=...) are for the sake of security. --locale=... is optional for one but en_US.UTF-8.

Also, the documentation (/usr/local/share/doc/pkg-readmes/postgresql-server) says:

It is strongly advised that you do not work with the postgres dba account
other than creating more users and/or databases or for administrative tasks.
Use the PostgreSQL permission system to make sure that a database is only
accessed by programs/users that have the right to do so.

As a result, the whole output was:

The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "_postgresql".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "ja_JP.UTF-8".
initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "ja_JP.UTF-8"
The default text search configuration will be set to "simple".

Data page checksums are disabled.

Enter new superuser password: 
Enter it again: 

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/postgresql/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
selecting default max_connections ... 20
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
selecting default time zone ... Asia/Tokyo
creating configuration files ... ok
running bootstrap script ... ok
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    pg_ctl -D /var/postgresql/data -l logfile start

Yay, successful. Let's exit from _postgersql user:

$ exit

Start PostgreSQL server

Activate the daemon and start it:

$ doas rcctl enable postgresql
$ doas rcctl start postgresql
postgresql(ok)

Conclusion

The postgresql server daemon is now activated and started. It works as RDBMS and listens to requests from clients.

The configuration files such as postgresql.conf and pg_hba.conf were generated automatically, and also psql was installed.

Configuration files

They are useful to configure the server.

psql

It is used as a terminal-based front-end to PostgreSQL. By using the password asked above, it's able to connect to the server:

$ psql -U postgres
Password for user postgres:

You will be welcomed :)

psql (14.2)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=#

Reference

PostgreSQL 14 Release Notes
How to upgrade OpenBSD 7.0 to 7.1

PostgreSQL 14.2 on OpenBSD 7.1: Install