Serverless architecture is a pattern of running and building applications and services without having to manage infrastructure. It involves the applications and services running on the server, but all the server management is done by a cloud provider.

This post will discuss building a fullstack user management application using MongoDB, MongoDB Realm, and Vue.js. At the end of this tutorial, we will learn how to create a database on MongoDB, serverless functions as our endpoints using MongoDB Realm and consume the endpoints in a Vue.js application.

MongoDB Realm is a development platform designed for building mobile, web, desktop, and IoT applications. It offers services like data synchronization, serverless functions, triggers, user authentication, e.t.c. We can build and maintain application on MongoDB Realm using any of the following:

Realm UI: a browser-based option to create and maintain application
Realm CLI: a CLI-based option to define and deploy applications
GitHub Deploy: use configuration files on Github to deploy applications from a Github repository
Admin API: an HTTP-based request to manage your applications.

In this post, we will be using Realm UI to build our applications.

You can code along by cloning this repository (main branch) here. If you prefer to view the complete code, checkout to the dev branch of this same repository.

In this tutorial, we will focus on implementations only. The project UI has already been set up with TailwindCSS.

You can check out the React.js version here.

Prerequisites

The following steps in this post require JavaScript and Vue.js experience. Experience with TypeScript isn’t a requirement, but it’s nice to have.

We also need a MongoDB account to host the database and create serverless functions. Signup is completely free.

Let’s code

Running the Project

To get started, we need to navigate to the project location, open our terminal and install project dependency as shown below:

npm install

With that done, we can start a development server using the command below:

npm run serve

Setting up MongoDB

To get started, we need to log in or sign up into our MongoDB account and follow the option that applies to us:

For a New Account (Sign Up)
First, we need to answer a few questions to help MongoDB help set up our account. Then click on Finish.

Select Shared as the type of database.

Click on Create to setup a cluster. This might take sometime to setup.

Next, we need to create a user to access the database externally by inputting the Username, Password and then click on Create User. We also need to add our IP address to safely connect to the database by clicking on the Add My Current IP Address button. Then click on Finish and Close to save changes.

On saving the changes, we should see a Database Deployments screen, as shown below:

For an Existing Account (Log In)
Click the project dropdown menu and click on the New Project button.

Enter the realmVue as the project name, click on Next and then click Create Project

Click on Build a Database

Select Shared as the type of database.

Click on Create to setup a cluster. This might take sometime to setup.

Next, we need to create a user to access the database externally by inputting the Username, Password and then clicking on Create User. We also need to add our IP address to safely connect to the database by clicking on the Add My Current IP Address button. Then click on Finish and Close to save changes.

On saving the changes, we should see a Database Deployments screen, as shown below:

Loading Sample Data

Next, we need to populate our database with users' sample data. To do this, click on the Browse Collections button

Click on Add My Own Data, input vueRealmDB and vueRealmCol as the database and collection name, and click on Create.

Next, we need to insert these sample data:

{
"name": "daniel mark"
"location": "new york"
"title": "software engineer"
}
{
"name": "clara patrick"
"location": "lisbon"
"title": "data engineer"
}

To do this, click on the Insert Document button, fill in the details above and click on Insert to save.

Creating and configuring MongoDB Realm application

With our database populated, we need to create serverless functions to perform Create, Read, Update and Delete (CRUD) on our database. To do this, select the Realm tab, click on Build your own App. Then click on Create Realm Application to setup our application.

MongoDB Realm also ships with templates that we can use to build our application quickly. For this tutorial, we will be building from scratch.

Next, we need to setup permission and rules for our functions. To do this, close the popup guide, click on Rules, select the vueRealmCol and click on Configure Collection.

MongoDB Realm’s Save and Deploy
With that done, MongoDB Realm will show us a widget illustrating the concept of Save and Deploy.

When writing a serverless function, clicking on Save creates a development draft that we can test and play around with. At the same time, Deploy makes our changes public to be consumed by another application(Vue.js in our case).

Click on Next and then Got it to continue.

Next, we need to allow Read and Write permissions for our function and then Save.

Next, navigate to the Authentication tab, click on Allow users to log in anonymously, toggle it on and Save Draft.

MongoDB Realm also ships with several authentication options that we can explore. For this tutorial, we will be using the anonymous option.

Creating serverless functions on MongoDB Realm

Get All Users Serverless Function
With the configuration done, we can now create a serverless function that returns list of users. To do this, navigate to the Functions tab, click on Create New Function, and input getAllUsers as the function name

Next, select the Function Editor tab and modify the function to the following:

exports = function(arg){
    let collection = context.services.get("mongodb-atlas").db("vueRealmDB").collection("vueRealmCol");

    return collection.find({});
};

The snippet above does the following:

Create a collection variable to access the vueRealmDB database and vueRealmCol collection
Return the list of documents in the collection.

Next, we can test our function by clicking on Run button to see list of users.

Finally, we need to copy any returned user’s _id and save it somewhere; we need it for the next function. Then click on Save Draft to create a deployment draft for our function.

Get A User Serverless Function
To do this, click on the Functions tab, click on Create New Function, and input getSingleUser as the function name

Next, select the Function Editor tab, and modify the function to the following:

exports = function(arg){
    let collection = context.services.get("mongodb-atlas").db("vueRealmDB").collection("vueRealmCol");

    return collection.findOne({_id: BSON.ObjectId(arg)});
};

The snippet above does the following:

Create a collection variable to access the vueRealmDB database and vueRealmCol collection
Return a single user by finding it by its _id. Because MongoDB saves documents in BSON, we need to parse the arg as BSON using the BSON.ObjectId.

To test our function, Navigate to the Console tab, replace the Hello world! in the exports function with the user’s _id we copied earlier and then click on Run.

Finally, we need to save our function by clicking on the Save Draft button.

Edit A User Serverless Function
To do this, we need to follow the same steps as above.

First, click on the Functions tab, click on Create New Function, and input editUser as the function name.

Next, select the Function Editor tab and modify the function to the following:

exports = function(id, name, location, title){
    let collection = context.services.get("mongodb-atlas").db("vueRealmDB").collection("vueRealmCol");
    let updated = collection.findOneAndUpdate(
        {_id: BSON.ObjectId(id)},
        { $set: { "name": name, "location": location, "title": title } },
        { returnNewDocument: true }
      )

    return updated;
};

The snippet above does the following:

Modify the function to accept id, name, location, and title arguments
Create a collection variable to access the vueRealmDB database and vueRealmCol collection
Create an updated variable that finds the document by _id, update the collection fields, and set a returnNewDocument flag to return the updated document.

Next, we can test our function by navigating to the Console tab, replace the Hello world! in the exports function with required arguments(_id, name, location, and title), click on Run, and then Save Draft.

Create A User Serverless Function
To do this, we need to follow the same steps as before.

First, click on the Functions tab, click on Create New Function, and input createUser as the function name.

Next, select the Function Editor tab and modify the function to the following:

exports = function(name, location, title){
    let collection = context.services.get("mongodb-atlas").db("vueRealmDB").collection("vueRealmCol");

    let newUser = collection.insertOne({"name": name, "location": location, "title": title})

    return newUser;
};

The snippet above does the following:

Modify the function to accept name, location, and title arguments.
Create a collection variable to access the vueRealmDB database and vueRealmCol collection.
Create a new user by inserting the arguments and returning the user.

Next, we can test our function by navigating to the Console tab, replace the Hello world! in the exports function with required arguments(name, location, and title), click on Run, and then Save Draft.

Delete A User Serverless Function
To do this, we need to follow the same steps as before.

First, click on the Functions tab, click on Create New Function, and input deleteUser as the function name.

Next, select the Function Editor tab and modify the function to the following:

exports = function(id){
    let collection = context.services.get("mongodb-atlas").db("vueRealmDB").collection("vueRealmCol");

    let deleteUser = collection.deleteOne({_id: BSON.ObjectId(id)})

    return deleteUser;
};

The snippet above does the following:

Modify the function to accept an argument.
Create a collection variable to access the vueRealmDB database and vueRealmCol collection.
Create a deleteUser variable for deleting by _id.

Next, we can test our function by navigating to the Console tab, replace the Hello world! in the exports function with required the argument, click on Run, and then Save Draft.

Deploying serverless functions

To start using the serverless functions in our application, we need to deploy them. To do this, click on the Review Draft & Deploy button, scroll down and then click on Deploy.

We should get a prompt showing the status of our deployment.

Finally! Integration with Vue.js

To integrate MongoDB Realm in our application, we need to install the dependencies with:

npm i realm-web

realm-web is a library for accessing MongoDB Realm from a web-browser.

Setup an Environment Variable
First, we need to create a .env file in the project root directory, and in this file, add the snippet below:

VUE_APP_REALM_APP_ID=<your-realm-app-id>

To get our Realm App ID, we need to click on the copy icon as shown below:

Setup MongoDB Realm
Next, we need to create a utils folder in the src folder, and in this folder, create a mongo.client.ts file and add the code snippet below:

import * as Realm from 'realm-web';

const REALM_APP_ID = process.env.VUE_APP_REALM_APP_ID;
export const app: Realm.App = new Realm.App({ id: REALM_APP_ID! });
export const credentials = Realm.Credentials.anonymous();

The snippet above does the following:

Import the required dependencies.
Create a variable to store the Realm App ID.
Create and export an instance of MongoDB Realm and pass the App ID. The bang! in front of REALM_APP_ID tells the compiler to relax the non-null constraint error(Meaning the parameter cannot be null or undefined)
Create and export the credential type we will be using for this app. We configure this authentication option earlier.

Get All Users
To get all users, we need to create an interface to describe the response properties. To do this, we need to create a models folder in the src folder, and in this folder, create a user.interface.ts file and add the code snippet below:

export interface IUser {
    _id? : string;
    name: string;
    location: string;
    title: string
}

PS: The question mark in front of _id tells TypeScript that this property is optional since MongoDB automatically generates it.

Next, we need to modify App.vue by updating it with the snippet below:

<template>
  <div class="">
    <header
      class="h-16 w-full bg-indigo-200 px-6 flex justify-between items-center"
    >
      <h1 class="text-xl text-indigo-900">Vue-Realm</h1>
      <button
        class="text-lg text-white capitalize px-6 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md"
        @click="handleModal(true)"
      >
        create
      </button>
    </header>
    <section className="mt-10 flex justify-center px-6">
      <ul className="w-full">
        <li
          v-for="user in users"
          :key="user._id"
          className="border-2 p-6 mb-3 rounded-lg flex items-center"
        >
          <section
            className="h-10 w-10 bg-indigo-100 rounded-md flex justify-center items-center mr-4"
          >
            <UserIcon />
          </section>
          <section className="">
            <h2 className="capitalize font-semibold mb-1">{{ user.name }}</h2>
            <p className="capitalize text-gray-500 mb-1">{{ user.location }}</p>
            <p className="capitalize text-indigo-500 font-medium text-sm mb-2">
              {{ user.title }}
            </p>
            <div className="flex">
              <button
                className="text-sm text-red-500 capitalize px-4 py-2 mr-4 border border-red-500 rounded-md"
              >
                delete
              </button>
              <button
                className="text-sm text-white capitalize px-4 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md"
                @click="handleEditClick()"
              >
                edit
              </button>
            </div>
          </section>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </section>
    <Modal :isModal="isModal" :isEdit="isEdit" :handleModal="handleModal" />
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
//import goes here
import { IUser } from '@/models/user.interface';
import { app, credentials } from '@/utils/mongo.client';
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    UserIcon,
    Modal,
  },
  data: () => ({
    isModal: false,
    isEdit: false,
    users: [] as IUser[], //add
  }),
  methods: {
    //other functions goes here

    //add
    async getListOfUsers() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const listOfUser: Promise<IUser[]> = user.functions.getAllUsers();
      listOfUser.then((resp) => {
        this.users = resp;
      });
    },
  },
  //add
  mounted() {
    this.getListOfUsers()
  },
});
</script>

<style></style>

The snippet above does the following:

Import the IUser interface, app and credentials.
Create users property to manage the list of users.
Create a getListOfUsers function to authenticate our application using the credentials imported and get the list of users by accessing the getAllUsers serverless function we created earlier. Then update the users property and use the mounted hook to call the function. PS: The serverless function (getAllUsers in our case) called must be the same as the one defined on MongoDB Realm.
Update the mark-up to display the list of users.

Complete App.vue

<template>
  <div class="">
    <header
      class="h-16 w-full bg-indigo-200 px-6 flex justify-between items-center"
    >
      <h1 class="text-xl text-indigo-900">Vue-Realm</h1>
      <button
        class="text-lg text-white capitalize px-6 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md"
        @click="handleModal(true)"
      >
        create
      </button>
    </header>
    <section className="mt-10 flex justify-center px-6">
      <ul className="w-full">
        <li
          v-for="user in users"
          :key="user._id"
          className="border-2 p-6 mb-3 rounded-lg flex items-center"
        >
          <section
            className="h-10 w-10 bg-indigo-100 rounded-md flex justify-center items-center mr-4"
          >
            <UserIcon />
          </section>
          <section className="">
            <h2 className="capitalize font-semibold mb-1">{{ user.name }}</h2>
            <p className="capitalize text-gray-500 mb-1">{{ user.location }}</p>
            <p className="capitalize text-indigo-500 font-medium text-sm mb-2">
              {{ user.title }}
            </p>
            <div className="flex">
              <button
                className="text-sm text-red-500 capitalize px-4 py-2 mr-4 border border-red-500 rounded-md"
              >
                delete
              </button>
              <button
                className="text-sm text-white capitalize px-4 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md"
                @click="handleEditClick()"
              >
                edit
              </button>
            </div>
          </section>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </section>
    <Modal :isModal="isModal" :isEdit="isEdit" :handleModal="handleModal" />
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent } from 'vue';
import UserIcon from '@/assets/svg/UserIcon.vue';
import Modal from '@/components/Modal.vue';
import { IUser } from '@/models/user.interface';
import { app, credentials } from '@/utils/mongo.client';
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    UserIcon,
    Modal,
  },
  data: () => ({
    isModal: false,
    isEdit: false,
    users: [] as IUser[],
  }),
  methods: {
    handleModal(state: boolean) {
      this.isModal = state;
      this.isEdit = false;
    },
    handleEditClick() {
      this.isModal = true;
      this.isEdit = true;
    },
    async getListOfUsers() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const listOfUser: Promise<IUser[]> = user.functions.getAllUsers();
      listOfUser.then((resp) => {
        this.users = resp;
      });
    },
  },
  mounted() {
    this.getListOfUsers()
  },
});
</script>

<style></style>

Create A User
To create a user, we must first modify App.vue by updating it with the snippet below

<template>
  <div class="">
    <header
      class="h-16 w-full bg-indigo-200 px-6 flex justify-between items-center"
    >
      <!-- Header content goes here -->
    </header>
    <section className="mt-10 flex justify-center px-6">
      <!-- Section content goes here -->
    </section>

    <!-- Modify Modal component -->
    <Modal
      :isModal="isModal"
      :isEdit="isEdit"
      :handleModal="handleModal"
      :updateUserValue="updateUserValue" 
    />
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
//import goes here
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    UserIcon,
    Modal,
  },
  data: () => ({
    isModal: false,
    isEdit: false,
    users: [] as IUser[],
    userValue: '', //add
  }),
  methods: {
    handleModal(state: boolean) {
      //codes here
    },
    handleEditClick() {
      //codes here
    },
    async getListOfUsers() {
      //codes here
    },
    //add 
    updateUserValue(value: any) {
      this.userValue = value;
    },
  },
  //add
  watch: {
    userValue(latestValue) {
      if (latestValue !== '') {
        this.getListOfUsers();
      }
    },
  },
  mounted() {
    this.getListOfUsers();
  },
});
</script>

<style></style>

The snippet above does the following:

Add a userValue property to the data property.
Create a updateUserValue function to update the userValue property
Include watch component property to monitor the userValue property and get the updated list of users if there is a change made to it.
Update the Modal component to accept the updateUserValue as a prop.

Next, navigate to the Modal.vue file inside the components folder, update the props, and create a user.

<template>
  <div
    class="h-screen w-screen bg-indigo-900 bg-opacity-30 z-30 top-0 fixed transform scale-105 transition-all ease-in-out duration-100"
    :class="isModal ? 'block' : 'hidden'"
  >
    <!-- Modal content goes here -->
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
//other import goes here
import { defineComponent, PropType } from 'vue'; //modify
import { IUser } from '@/models/user.interface'; //add
import { app, credentials } from '@/utils/mongo.client'; //add
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'Modal',
  components: { CloseIcon },
  props: {
    isModal: Boolean,
    isEdit: Boolean,
    handleModal: Function,
    updateUserValue: Function as PropType<(value: any) => void>, //add the function to update userValue
  },
  data: () => ({
    name: '',
    location: '',
    title: '',
  }),
  methods: {
    //codes here
    },
    //modify
    async onSubmitForm() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const create = user.functions.createUser(
        this.name,
        this.location,
        this.title
      );
      create.then((resp) => {
        this.updateUserValue!(resp.insertedId);
        this.name = '';
        this.location = '';
        this.title = '';
      });
    },
  },
});
</script>

The snippet above does the following:

Import the required dependencies.
Add updateUserValue to props property
Modify the onSubmitForm function to authenticate our application using the credentials imported. Create a user by accessing the createUser serverless function we created earlier, passing the required arguments (name, location and title)and then updating the userValue and form state.

Edit A User
To edit a user, we must first modify App.vue by creating a property to manage the _id of the user we want to edit and function to update it. We also updated the handleEditClick function to update the property and pass it as props to the Modal component.

<template>
  <div class="">
    <header
      class="h-16 w-full bg-indigo-200 px-6 flex justify-between items-center"
    >
      <!-- Header content goes here -->
    </header>
    <section className="mt-10 flex justify-center px-6">
      <!-- Section content goes here -->
    </section>

    <!-- Modify Modal component -->
    <Modal
      :isModal="isModal"
      :isEdit="isEdit"
      :handleModal="handleModal"
      :updateUserValue="updateUserValue"
      :editingId="editingId"
    />
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
//import goes here
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    UserIcon,
    Modal,
  },
  data: () => ({
    isModal: false,
    isEdit: false,
    users: [] as IUser[],
    userValue: '',
    editingId: '', //add
  }),
  methods: {
    handleModal(state: boolean) {
      this.isModal = state;
      this.isEdit = false;
    },
    //modify
    handleEditClick(id: string) {
      this.isModal = true;
      this.isEdit = true;
      this.editingId = id;
    },
    async getListOfUsers() {
      //codes here
    },
    updateUserValue(value: any) {
      this.userValue = value;
    },
  },
  watch: {
    //codes here
  },
  mounted() {
    this.getListOfUsers();
  },
});
</script>

<style></style>

Next, we need to populate our form when the Edit button is clicked. To do this, open Modal.vue and update as shown below:

<template>
  <div
    class="h-screen w-screen bg-indigo-900 bg-opacity-30 z-30 top-0 fixed transform scale-105 transition-all ease-in-out duration-100"
    :class="isModal ? 'block' : 'hidden'"
  >
    <!-- Modal content goes here -->
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
//import goes here
import { BSON } from 'realm-web'; //add
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'Modal',
  components: { CloseIcon },
  props: {
    //other props goes here
    editingId: String, //add
  },
  data: () => ({
    name: '',
    location: '',
    title: '',
  }),
  methods: {
    onClose(e: Event) {
      //codes here
    },
    async onSubmitForm() {
      //codes here
    },
    //add
    async getAUser() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const getUser: Promise<IUser> = user.functions.getSingleUser(
        new BSON.ObjectID(this.editingId).toString()
      );
      getUser.then((resp) => {
        this.name = resp.name;
        this.location = resp.location;
        this.title = resp.title;
      });
    },
  },
  watch: {
    isEdit(latestValue) {
      if (latestValue == true) {
        this.getAUser();
      } else {
        this.name = '';
        this.location = '';
        this.title = '';
      }
    },
  },
});
</script>

The snippet above does the following:

Import the required dependencies.
Add editingId to props property
Create a getAUser function to authenticate our application using the credentials imported. Get the selected user details using the getSingleUser serverless function and then update the form values. The getSingleUser function also required us to convert editingId to string using BSON.ObjectID function.
Include watch component property to monitor the isEdit state, conditionally call the getAUser function and update form state.

Next, we need to update the onSubmitForm function to include updating the user’s details by conditionally checking if it is an update action or not. Next, we need to call the editUser serverless function and pass in the required parameters. Finally, update the updateUserValue, restore the form back to default and close the Modal component.

<template>
  <div
    class="h-screen w-screen bg-indigo-900 bg-opacity-30 z-30 top-0 fixed transform scale-105 transition-all ease-in-out duration-100"
    :class="isModal ? 'block' : 'hidden'"
  >
    <!-- Modal content goes here -->
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
//import goes here
import { BSON } from 'realm-web'; //add
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'Modal',
  components: { CloseIcon },

  props: {
    //other props goes here
  },

  data: () => ({
    //codes here
  }),

  methods: {
    //codes here

    //modify
    async onSubmitForm() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      if (this.isEdit) {
        const edit: Promise<IUser> = user.functions.editUser(
          new BSON.ObjectID(this.editingId).toString(),
          this.name,
          this.location,
          this.title
        );
        edit.then((resp) => {
          this.updateUserValue!(resp._id!);
          this.name = '';
          this.location = '';
          this.title = '';
          this.handleModal!(false);
        });
      } else {
        const create = user.functions.createUser(
          this.name,
          this.location,
          this.title
        );
        create.then((resp) => {
          this.updateUserValue!(resp.insertedId);
          this.name = '';
          this.location = '';
          this.title = '';
        });
      }
    },

    //codes here
  },

  watch: {
    //codes here
  },
});
</script>

Complete Modal.Vue

<template>
  <div
    class="h-screen w-screen bg-indigo-900 bg-opacity-30 z-30 top-0 fixed transform scale-105 transition-all ease-in-out duration-100"
    :class="isModal ? 'block' : 'hidden'"
  >
    <div
      class="flex flex-col justify-center items-center h-full w-full open-nav"
      @click="onClose"
    >
      <div class="flex justify-end w-11/12 lg:w-1/2 2xl:w-6/12">
        <div
          role="button"
          class="cursor-pointer w-6 h-6 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center bg-white"
          @click="handleModal()"
        >
          <CloseIcon />
        </div>
      </div>
      <section
        class="w-11/12 lg:w-1/2 2xl:w-6/12 bg-white flex justify-center items-center mt-5 rounded-lg"
      >
        <div class="w-11/12 py-8">
          <h2 class="capitalize text-xl text-gray-500 font-medium mb-4">
            {{ isEdit ? 'Edit User' : 'add user' }}
          </h2>
          <form @submit.prevent="onSubmitForm">
            <fieldset class="mb-4">
              <label class="block text-sm text-gray-500 capitalize mb-1"
                >name</label
              >
              <input
                type="text"
                name="name"
                v-model="name"
                required
                class="w-full h-10 border border-gray-500 rounded-sm px-4"
              />
            </fieldset>
            <fieldset class="mb-4">
              <label class="block text-sm text-gray-500 capitalize mb-1"
                >location</label
              >
              <input
                type="text"
                name="location"
                v-model="location"
                required
                class="w-full h-10 border border-gray-500 rounded-sm px-4"
              />
            </fieldset>
            <fieldset class="mb-4">
              <label class="block text-sm text-gray-500 capitalize mb-1"
                >title</label
              >
              <input
                type="text"
                name="title"
                v-model="title"
                required
                class="w-full h-10 border border-gray-500 rounded-sm px-4"
              />
            </fieldset>
            <button
              class="text-white capitalize px-6 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md w-full"
            >
              save
            </button>
          </form>
        </div>
      </section>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent, PropType } from 'vue';
import CloseIcon from '@/assets/svg/CloseIcon.vue';
import { IUser } from '@/models/user.interface';
import { app, credentials } from '@/utils/mongo.client';
import { BSON } from 'realm-web';
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'Modal',
  components: { CloseIcon },
  props: {
    isModal: Boolean,
    isEdit: Boolean,
    handleModal: Function,
    updateUserValue: Function as PropType<(value: any) => void>,
    editingId: String,
  },
  data: () => ({
    name: '',
    location: '',
    title: '',
  }),
  methods: {
    onClose(e: Event) {
      const target = e.target as HTMLDivElement;
      if (target.classList.contains('open-nav')) {
        this.handleModal!(false);
      }
    },
    async onSubmitForm() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      if (this.isEdit) {
        const edit: Promise<IUser> = user.functions.editUser(
          new BSON.ObjectID(this.editingId).toString(),
          this.name,
          this.location,
          this.title
        );
        edit.then((resp) => {
          this.updateUserValue!(resp._id!);
          this.name = '';
          this.location = '';
          this.title = '';
          this.handleModal!(false);
        });
      } else {
        const create = user.functions.createUser(
          this.name,
          this.location,
          this.title
        );
        create.then((resp) => {
          this.updateUserValue!(resp.insertedId);
          this.name = '';
          this.location = '';
          this.title = '';
        });
      }
    },
    async getAUser() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const getUser: Promise<IUser> = user.functions.getSingleUser(
        new BSON.ObjectID(this.editingId).toString()
      );
      getUser.then((resp) => {
        this.name = resp.name;
        this.location = resp.location;
        this.title = resp.title;
      });
    },
  },
  watch: {
    isEdit(latestValue) {
      if (latestValue === true) {
        this.getAUser();
      } else {
        this.name = '';
        this.location = '';
        this.title = '';
      }
    },
  },
});
</script>

Delete A User
To delete a user, we need to modify App.vue by creating a handleDelete function as shown below:

<template>
  <div class="">
    <header
      class="h-16 w-full bg-indigo-200 px-6 flex justify-between items-center"
    >
     <!-- Header content goes here -->
    </header>
    <section className="mt-10 flex justify-center px-6">
      <ul className="w-full">
        <li
          v-for="user in users"
          :key="user._id"
          className="border-2 p-6 mb-3 rounded-lg flex items-center"
        >
          <section
            className="h-10 w-10 bg-indigo-100 rounded-md flex justify-center items-center mr-4"
          >
            <UserIcon />
          </section>
          <section className="">
            <h2 className="capitalize font-semibold mb-1">{{ user.name }}</h2>
            <p className="capitalize text-gray-500 mb-1">{{ user.location }}</p>
            <p className="capitalize text-indigo-500 font-medium text-sm mb-2">
              {{ user.title }}
            </p>
            <div className="flex">

            <!-- Modify delete button -->
              <button
                className="text-sm text-red-500 capitalize px-4 py-2 mr-4 border border-red-500 rounded-md"
                @click="deleteAUser(user._id)"
              >
                delete
              </button>
              <button
                className="text-sm text-white capitalize px-4 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md"
                @click="handleEditClick(user._id)"
              >
                edit
              </button>
            </div>
          </section>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </section>
     <!-- Modal component goes here -->
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
//import goes here
import { BSON } from 'realm-web'; //add
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    UserIcon,
    Modal,
  },
  data: () => ({
    //codes here
  }),
  methods: {
    handleModal(state: boolean) {
      //codes here
    },
    handleEditClick(id: string) {
      //codes here
    },
    async getListOfUsers() {
     //codes here
    },
    updateUserValue(value: any) {
      //codes here
    },
    //add
    async deleteAUser(id: string) {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const delUser = user.functions.deleteUser(
        new BSON.ObjectID(id).toString()
      );
      delUser.then((resp) => {
        this.updateUserValue(resp.deletedCount);
      });
    },
  },
  watch: {
    //codes here
  },
  mounted() {
    //codes here
  },
});
</script>

<style></style>

The snippet above does the following:

Import the required dependencies.
Creates a deleteAUser function that takes an id as an argument, authenticate our application using the credentials. Delete selected user using the deleteUser serverless function and update the userValue state.

Complete App.vue

<template>
  <div class="">
    <header
      class="h-16 w-full bg-indigo-200 px-6 flex justify-between items-center"
    >
      <h1 class="text-xl text-indigo-900">Vue-Realm</h1>
      <button
        class="text-lg text-white capitalize px-6 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md"
        @click="handleModal(true)"
      >
        create
      </button>
    </header>
    <section className="mt-10 flex justify-center px-6">
      <ul className="w-full">
        <li
          v-for="user in users"
          :key="user._id"
          className="border-2 p-6 mb-3 rounded-lg flex items-center"
        >
          <section
            className="h-10 w-10 bg-indigo-100 rounded-md flex justify-center items-center mr-4"
          >
            <UserIcon />
          </section>
          <section className="">
            <h2 className="capitalize font-semibold mb-1">{{ user.name }}</h2>
            <p className="capitalize text-gray-500 mb-1">{{ user.location }}</p>
            <p className="capitalize text-indigo-500 font-medium text-sm mb-2">
              {{ user.title }}
            </p>
            <div className="flex">
              <button
                className="text-sm text-red-500 capitalize px-4 py-2 mr-4 border border-red-500 rounded-md"
                @click="deleteAUser(user._id)"
              >
                delete
              </button>
              <button
                className="text-sm text-white capitalize px-4 py-2 bg-indigo-900 rounded-md"
                @click="handleEditClick(user._id)"
              >
                edit
              </button>
            </div>
          </section>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </section>
    <Modal
      :isModal="isModal"
      :isEdit="isEdit"
      :handleModal="handleModal"
      :updateUserValue="updateUserValue"
      :editingId="editingId"
    />
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts">
import { defineComponent } from 'vue';
import UserIcon from '@/assets/svg/UserIcon.vue';
import Modal from '@/components/Modal.vue';
import { IUser } from '@/models/user.interface';
import { app, credentials } from '@/utils/mongo.client';
import { BSON } from 'realm-web';
export default defineComponent({
  name: 'App',
  components: {
    UserIcon,
    Modal,
  },
  data: () => ({
    isModal: false,
    isEdit: false,
    users: [] as IUser[],
    userValue: '',
    editingId: '',
  }),
  methods: {
    handleModal(state: boolean) {
      this.isModal = state;
      this.isEdit = false;
    },
    handleEditClick(id: string) {
      this.isModal = true;
      this.isEdit = true;
      this.editingId = id;
    },
    async getListOfUsers() {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const listOfUser: Promise<IUser[]> = user.functions.getAllUsers();
      listOfUser.then((resp) => {
        this.users = resp;
      });
    },
    updateUserValue(value: any) {
      this.userValue = value;
    },
    async deleteAUser(id: string) {
      const user: Realm.User = await app.logIn(credentials);
      const delUser = user.functions.deleteUser(
        new BSON.ObjectID(id).toString()
      );
      delUser.then((resp) => {
        this.updateUserValue(resp.deletedCount);
      });
    },
  },
  watch: {
    userValue(latestValue) {
      if (latestValue !== '') {
        this.getListOfUsers();
      }
    },
  },
  mounted() {
    this.getListOfUsers();
  },
});
</script>

<style></style>

Finally, we can test our application by starting the development server and performing CRUD operations.

Conclusion

This post discussed how to create a database on MongoDB, create and deploy serverless functions using MongoDB Realm and consume the endpoints in a Vue.js application.

You may find these resources helpful:

Going serverless with MongoDB Realm - Vue.js Version

Prerequisites

Let’s code

Running the Project

Setting up MongoDB

Loading Sample Data

Creating and configuring MongoDB Realm application

Creating serverless functions on MongoDB Realm

Deploying serverless functions

Finally! Integration with Vue.js

Conclusion