Build a Blog Using Strapi and Next.js

Mark Munyaka - Jun 23 '23 - - Dev Community

Introduction

Strapi is the leading open-source composable Content Management System (CMS). It is 100% JavaScript, based on Node.js, and used to build RESTful APIs and GraphQL APIs. It also has a cloud SAAS, ☁ Strapi Cloud ☁ - a fully managed, composable, and collaborative platform to boost your content velocity!

Strapi enables developers to build projects faster with a flexible and customizable platform for managing content. Check out the Strapi Quickstart guide for a brief intro.

The Strapi Team made a New Strapi Starter using Next.js 13, Tailwind, and TypeScript. In this tutorial, you will learn to create a blog website based on the new Strapi Starter. The blog will use Strapi for the backend and Next.js 13 for the frontend.

Before Getting Started

Check out the project repo here.

Prerequisites

  • This tutorial uses Strapi v4.10.x
  • Node v16.x.x or v18.x.x. You can download Node.js here.
  • yarn v1.22.x. You can download yarn here.
  • Familiarity with Linux shell.

Setup Project folder

Open up your terminal and create a blog-strapi folder to store your project files.

mkdir blog-strapi
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Navigate into blog-strapi.

cd blog-strapi
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Create Standard Strapi App

Create your Strapi app in a folder named backend.

npx create-strapi-app@4.10.4 backend --quickstart
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

NOTE:

At the time of making this tutorial there was a bug in the file import in versions after 4.10.4, so please use this version for a smooth experience.

The --quickstart flag sets up your Strapi app with an SQLite database and automatically starts your server on port 1337.

TIP:

If the server is not already running, in your terminal, cd into the backend folder and run yarn develop to launch it.

Visit http://localhost:1337/admin in your browser and register your details in the Strapi Admin Registration Form.

Strapi Admin Registration Form

After registering your admin user, you should see the Strapi Dashboard in your browser.

Strapi Admin Dashboard

Seeding The Data

Next, you will seed your Strapi app database with data to use for the blog post. This includes articles, authors, images, categories, and so on. The Data import feature is quite handy in that regard.

Go back to your terminal and stop your Strapi backend server by pressing CTRL plus C on your keyboard.

Update the schema for your Strapi app so that the data won't be lost when you perform a data import. Make sure you are executing the command in the root of your project folder blog-strapi.

NOTE:

You may need to install wget via brew for Mac users.

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Marktawa/blog-strapi-archives/main/seed-schema.tar
tar xvf seed-schema.tar -C backend
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Next, import data into your backend's database.

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/strapi/nextjs-corporate-starter/main/seed-data.tar.gz
cd backend
yarn strapi import -f ../seed-data.tar.gz
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Answer y to The import will delete all assets and data in your database. Are you sure you want to proceed? (y/N)

NOTE:

The data used to seed the database is from the Strapi Nextjs Starter.

After a successful import, rerun your Strapi backend server.

yarn develop
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

In your browser, login to your admin panel. You should see the newly imported content and collection types.

Updated Dashboard

Create a Standard Next.js App

In a new terminal session, change the directory to blog-strapi and run the following command:

yarn create next-app
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

On installation, you'll see some prompts. Name your project frontend and refer to the image below for the other responses.

Create Next App Prompts

Add the following dependencies to your frontend Next app: @types/negotiator, negotiator, @types/qs, qs, classnames, react-icons, react-markdown, react-slideshow-image, remark-gfm, @formatjs/intl-localematcher for use later.

cd frontend
yarn add @types/negotiator negotiator @types/qs qs classnames react-icons react-markdown react-slideshow-image remark-gfm @formatjs/intl-localematcher
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Move the following dependencies to devdependencies in your frontend Next app: autoprefixer, postcss, tailwindcss.

yarn remove autoprefixer postcss tailwindcss
yarn add autoprefixer postcss tailwindcss --dev
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Delete the following auto-generated files in your frontend directory as we will not need them:

  • src/app/favicon.ico
  • src/app/layout.tsx
  • src/app/page.tsx
  • src/app/globals.css

Set up Strapi API Token

Create a .env file in the root of your frontend directory and paste the following environment variables:

NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN=your-api-token
NEXT_PUBLIC_PAGE_LIMIT=6
NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_URL=http://localhost:1337
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Go back to your Strapi Admin panel to create the API token to be used for displaying content.

Inside your Strapi Admin Panel, click on Settings, select API Tokens and click on the + Create new API Token button.

Create new API Token

Configure your API Token with the following details:

  • Name: Public API Token Content
  • Description: Access to public content
  • Token duration: Unlimited
  • Token type: Custom

Public API Token Content Details

Configure your API Token with the following permissions:

Content Permissions
Article find and findOne
Author find and findOne
Category find and findOne
Global find
Page find and findOne
Product-feature find and findOne

Public API Token Content Permissions

Click on Save then copy the generated API token and paste it next to the NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN in your .env file.

NOTE:

The generated API token is only visible once, so make sure to copy it right after you generate one.

Your updated .env file should have environment variables similar to this:

NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN=ab2bfc3f905e61b58cbb76c1d459609ac29351249f5ffb98db9dd6d109ab60d651de15e0d31e3e367a754e622fe3c918fef89f0c28ae7b9c6e788d3db4d2ea7abd7b282b37b8448886c865607965ea82c57648e11de6bb278c7bbac811051287dbf6657cac0604716fd4d4501771db43b36b531b8418ca5c8a4bc248eb85b266
NEXT_PUBLIC_PAGE_LIMIT=6
NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_URL=http://localhost:1337
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Of course, the NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN for your Strapi server app will be different from the one shown above.

Setup Middleware

Create a i18n-config.ts file in the root of your frontend folder to set up the internationalization configuration.

touch frontend/i18n-config.ts
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to i18n-config.ts:

export const i18n = {
    defaultLocale: 'en',
    locales: ['en', 'de', 'cs'],
} as const;

export type Locale = typeof i18n['locales'][number];
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Before the data request from the Strapi backend is completed, middleware is required to handle certain tasks in a Next.js frontend app.

Create a new file named middleware.ts in the frontend/src directory.

touch frontend/src/middleware.ts
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The middleware.ts file serves the purpose of adding internationalization (i18n) support to the application. It ensures that the URL contains a locale segment and redirects the user to the appropriate URL if a locale is missing. Additionally, it determines the best-matched locale based on the request headers using language negotiation and the available locales.

Find out more about Next.js middleware on the Routing: Middleware | Next.js page.

Open up middleware.ts and add the following code:

// ./frontend/src/middleware.ts

import type { NextRequest } from 'next/server';
import { NextResponse } from 'next/server';

import { i18n } from '../i18n-config';

import { match as matchLocale } from '@formatjs/intl-localematcher';
import Negotiator from 'negotiator';

function getLocale(request: NextRequest): string | undefined {
    // Negotiator expects plain object so we need to transform headers
    const negotiatorHeaders: Record<string, string> = {};
    request.headers.forEach((value, key) => (negotiatorHeaders[key] = value));

    // Use negotiator and intl-localematcher to get best locale
    let languages = new Negotiator({ headers: negotiatorHeaders }).languages();
    // @ts-ignore locales are readonly
    const locales: string[] = i18n.locales;
    return matchLocale(languages, locales, i18n.defaultLocale);
}

export function middleware(request: NextRequest) {
    const pathname = request.nextUrl.pathname;

    // // `/_next/` and `/api/` are ignored by the watcher, but we need to ignore files in `public` manually.
    // // If you have one
    if (
        [
            '/manifest.json',
            '/favicon.ico',
            // Your other files in `public`
        ].includes(pathname)
    )
        return;

    // Check if there is any supported locale in the pathname
    const pathnameIsMissingLocale = i18n.locales.every(
        (locale) => !pathname.startsWith(`/${locale}/`) && pathname !== `/${locale}`
    );

    // Redirect if there is no locale
    if (pathnameIsMissingLocale) {
        const locale = getLocale(request);

        // e.g. incoming request is /products
        // The new URL is now /en-US/products
        return NextResponse.redirect(new URL(`/${locale}/${pathname}`, request.url));
    }
}

export const config = {
    // Matcher ignoring `/_next/` and `/api/`
    matcher: ['/((?!_next).*)'],
};
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The middleware.ts file imports NextRequest and NextResponse types to handle incoming requests and generate responses in Next.js. It imports the i18n object from the i18n-config module we created earlier to access the available locales. The matchLocale function is used for matching and determining the best locale based on the request headers and available locales.

Fetch Data From Strapi

In this step we will create two files, api-helpers.ts and fetch-api.tsx to fetch data from the Strapi API backend.

In your frontend/src/app directory, create a new directory named [lang] for handling the locales we defined in i18n-config.ts. This is handled through Next.js' dynamic routes feature.

mkdir frontend/src/app/[lang]
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

In your frontend/src/app/[lang] directory, create a new directory and name it utils. Execute these commands in the root of your frontend folder.

cd frontend
mkdir src/app/[lang]/utils
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

In the utils folder, create api-helpers.ts and fetch-api.tsx.

touch src/app/[lang]/utils/api-helpers.ts src/app/[lang]/utils/fetch-api.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to api-helpers.ts:

// ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/utils/api-helpers.ts

export function getStrapiURL(path = '') {
    return `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_URL || 'http://localhost:1337'}${path}`;
}

export function getStrapiMedia(url: string | null) {
    if (url == null) {
        return null;
    }

    // Return the full URL if the media is hosted on an external provider
    if (url.startsWith('http') || url.startsWith('//')) {
        return url;
    }

    // Otherwise prepend the URL path with the Strapi URL
    return `${getStrapiURL()}${url}`;
}

export function formatDate(dateString: string) {
    const date = new Date(dateString);
    const options: Intl.DateTimeFormatOptions = { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric' };
    return date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', options);
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

api-helpers.ts defines two helper functions: getStrapiURL and getStrapiMedia.

  • getStrapiURL: This function returns the Strapi API URL. If the NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_URL environment variable is set it will use the value as a base URL otherwise it defaults to http://localhost:1337. It takes an optional path parameter that represents a path to a specific endpoint. It concatenates the base URL with the provided path and returns the complete URL.

  • getStrapiMedia: This function returns the correct URL for media regardless of whether the media is hosted externally or within the Strapi API.

These helper functions provide a convenient way to handle the Strapi API URL and media URLs for our frontend app.

Add the following code to fetch-api.tsx:

// ./frontend/stc/app/[lang]/utils/fetch-api.tsx
import qs from "qs";
import { getStrapiURL } from "./api-helpers";

export async function fetchAPI(
  path: string,
  urlParamsObject = {},
  options = {}
) {
  try {
    // Merge default and user options
    const mergedOptions = {
      next: { revalidate: 60 },
      headers: {
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
      },
      ...options,
    };

    // Build request URL
    const queryString = qs.stringify(urlParamsObject);
    const requestUrl = `${getStrapiURL(
      `/api${path}${queryString ? `?${queryString}` : ""}`
    )}`;

    // Trigger API call
    const response = await fetch(requestUrl, mergedOptions);
    const data = await response.json();
    return data;

  } catch (error) {
    console.error(error);
    throw new Error(`Please check if your server is running and you set all the required tokens.`);
  }
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The provided code defines a helper function named fetchAPI that performs an API call using the JavaScript Fetch API.

The code imports the qs library which provides query string parsing and formatting functionality. It also imports the getStrapiURL helper function from the api-helpers.ts module we created previously.

The fetchAPI functions takes three parameters: path, urlParamsObject, and options. path is the API endpoint path, urlParamsObject is an object containing URL parameters, and options is an object containing additional options for the API call.

The requestUrl is constructed by combining the Strapi API URL obtained from the getStrapiURL function with the provided path and any query string parameters present in the urlParamsObject. The qs.stringify function converts the urlParamsObject into a query string.

The API call is triggered using the fetch function passing in the requestUrl and mergedOptions. What is returned is data in JSON format.

Add the following code to next.config.js in the frontend directory to access both local and remote media sources but still use the built-in Next.js Image Optimization API

// ./frontend/next.config.js

/** @type {import('next').NextConfig} */

const nextConfig = {
  experimental: {
    appDir: true,
  },
  images: {
    remotePatterns: [
      {
        protocol: 'http',
        hostname: 'localhost',
        port: '1337',
        pathname: '/uploads/**',
      },
      {
        protocol: 'https',
        hostname: 'images.pexels.com',
      }
    ],
  },
}

module.exports = nextConfig
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Create Home Page for Blog

​​You will create a home page for your blog frontend in this step. In this case, the home page will display a list of all the articles.

Add page.tsx file

Create a new file named page.tsx in the src/app/[lang] directory.

touch src/app/[lang]/page.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to page.tsx:

"use client";
import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from "react";
import { fetchAPI } from "./utils/fetch-api";

import Loader from "./components/Loader";
import PostList from "./components/PostList";
import PageHeader from "./components/PageHeader";

interface Meta {
  pagination: {
    start: number;
    limit: number;
    total: number;
  };
}

export default function Profile() {
  const [meta, setMeta] = useState<Meta | undefined>();
  const [data, setData] = useState<any>([]);
  const [isLoading, setLoading] = useState(true);

  const fetchData = useCallback(async (start: number, limit: number) => {
    setLoading(true);
    try {
      const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;
      const path = `/articles`;
      const urlParamsObject = {
        sort: { createdAt: "desc" },
        populate: {
          cover: { fields: ["url"] },
          category: { populate: "*" },
          authorsBio: {
            populate: "*",
          },
        },
        pagination: {
          start: start,
          limit: limit,
        },
      };
      const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };
      const responseData = await fetchAPI(path, urlParamsObject, options);

      if (start === 0) {
        setData(responseData.data);
      } else {
        setData((prevData: any[] ) => [...prevData, ...responseData.data]);
      }

      setMeta(responseData.meta);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error(error);
    } finally {
      setLoading(false);
    }
  }, []);

  function loadMorePosts(): void {
    const nextPosts = meta!.pagination.start + meta!.pagination.limit;
    fetchData(nextPosts, Number(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_PAGE_LIMIT));
  }

  useEffect(() => {
    fetchData(0, Number(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_PAGE_LIMIT));
  }, [fetchData]);

  if (isLoading) return <Loader />;

  return (
    <div>
      <PageHeader heading="Our Blog" text="Checkout Something Cool" />
      <PostList data={data}>
        {meta!.pagination.start + meta!.pagination.limit <
          meta!.pagination.total && (
          <div className="flex justify-center">
            <button
              type="button"
              className="px-6 py-3 text-sm rounded-lg hover:underline dark:bg-gray-900 dark:text-gray-400"
              onClick={loadMorePosts}
            >
              Load more posts...
            </button>
          </div>
        )}
      </PostList>
    </div>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

This code sets up a Next.js page that will fetch a list of all the articles from the Strapi API /articlesendpoint and renders them in a neat blog-like format. It includes pagination for loading more posts when the Load more posts button is clicked.

The fetchData function uses the fetchAPI function to make the API request. It retrieves the NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN from the environment variables to construct the request path and URL parameters.

Notice that the page.tsx file imports a Loader, a PostList, and a PageHeader components, but these are yet to be created. Let's create the files.

Create a components folder in the src/app/[lang]/ folder to store all your components:

mkdir src/app/[lang]/components
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add Loader Component

Add a Loader component to provide visual feedback to the user that data is still being fetched from the API.

Create a new file named Loader.tsx in the components folder and add the following code to Loader.tsx

// ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/components/Loader.tsx
export default function Loader() {
  return (
    <div className="absolute inset-0 flex items-center justify-center z-50  bg-opacity-40 bg-gray-500">
    <div role="status">
      <svg
        aria-hidden="true"
        className="inline w-8 h-8 mr-2 text-gray-200 animate-spin dark:text-gray-600 fill-purple-400"
        viewBox="0 0 100 101"
        fill="none"
        xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
      >
        <path
          d="M100 50.5908C100 78.2051 77.6142 100.591 50 100.591C22.3858 100.591 0 78.2051 0 50.5908C0 22.9766 22.3858 0.59082 50 0.59082C77.6142 0.59082 100 22.9766 100 50.5908ZM9.08144 50.5908C9.08144 73.1895 27.4013 91.5094 50 91.5094C72.5987 91.5094 90.9186 73.1895 90.9186 50.5908C90.9186 27.9921 72.5987 9.67226 50 9.67226C27.4013 9.67226 9.08144 27.9921 9.08144 50.5908Z"
          fill="currentColor"
        />
        <path
          d="M93.9676 39.0409C96.393 38.4038 97.8624 35.9116 97.0079 33.5539C95.2932 28.8227 92.871 24.3692 89.8167 20.348C85.8452 15.1192 80.8826 10.7238 75.2124 7.41289C69.5422 4.10194 63.2754 1.94025 56.7698 1.05124C51.7666 0.367541 46.6976 0.446843 41.7345 1.27873C39.2613 1.69328 37.813 4.19778 38.4501 6.62326C39.0873 9.04874 41.5694 10.4717 44.0505 10.1071C47.8511 9.54855 51.7191 9.52689 55.5402 10.0491C60.8642 10.7766 65.9928 12.5457 70.6331 15.2552C75.2735 17.9648 79.3347 21.5619 82.5849 25.841C84.9175 28.9121 86.7997 32.2913 88.1811 35.8758C89.083 38.2158 91.5421 39.6781 93.9676 39.0409Z"
          fill="currentFill"
        />
      </svg>
      <span className="sr-only">Loading...</span>
    </div>
  </div>
  )
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add PostList Component

The PostList component will render a grid of articles and retrieve the necessary attributes like the title, description, slug, cover, and author for each article.

Create a new file named PostList.tsx in the components folder and add the following code to PostList.tsx

// ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/components/PostList.tsx

import Image from "next/image";
import Link from "next/link";
import { getStrapiMedia, formatDate } from "../utils/api-helpers";

interface Article {
  id: 4;
  attributes: {
    title: string;
    description: string;
    slug: string;
    createdAt: string;
    updatedAt: string;
    publishedAt: string;
    cover: {
      data: {
        attributes: {
          url: string;
        };
      };
    };
    category: {
      data: {
        attributes: {
          name: string;
          slug: string;
        };
      };
    };
    authorsBio: {
      data: {
        attributes: {
          name: string;
          avatar: {
            data: {
              attributes: {
                url: string;
              };
            };
          };
        };
      };
    };
  };
}

export default function PostList({
  data: articles,
  children,
}: {
  data: Article[];
  children?: React.ReactNode;
}) {
  return (
    <section className="container p-6 mx-auto space-y-6 sm:space-y-12">
      <div className="grid justify-center grid-cols-1 gap-6 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3">
        {articles.map((article) => {
          const imageUrl = getStrapiMedia(
            article.attributes.cover.data?.attributes.url
          );

          const category = article.attributes.category.data?.attributes;
          const authorsBio = article.attributes.authorsBio.data?.attributes;

          const avatarUrl = getStrapiMedia(
            authorsBio?.avatar.data.attributes.url
          );

          return (
            <Link
              href={`${category?.slug}/${article.attributes.slug}`}
              key={article.id}
              className="max-w-sm mx-auto group hover:no-underline focus:no-underline dark:bg-gray-900 lg:w-[300px] xl:min-w-[375px] rounded-2xl overflow-hidden shadow-lg"
            >
              {imageUrl && (
                <Image
                  alt="presentation"
                  width="240"
                  height="240"
                  className="object-cover w-full h-44 "
                  src={imageUrl}
                />
              )}
              <div className="p-6 space-y-2 relative">
                {avatarUrl && (
                  <Image
                    alt="avatar"
                    width="80"
                    height="80"
                    src={avatarUrl}
                    className="rounded-full h-16 w-16 object-cover absolute -top-8 right-4"
                  />
                )}

                <h3 className="text-2xl font-semibold group-hover:underline group-focus:underline">
                  {article.attributes.title}
                </h3>

                <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
                  <span className="text-xs dark:text-gray-400">
                    {formatDate(article.attributes.publishedAt)}
                  </span>
                  {authorsBio && (
                    <span className="text-xs dark:text-gray-400">
                      {authorsBio.name}
                    </span>
                  )}
                </div>
                <p className="py-4">{article.attributes.description}</p>
              </div>
            </Link>
          );
        })}
      </div>
      {children && children}
    </section>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The PostList component provides a reusable way to display a list of blog posts with consistent styling and structure.

Add PageHeader Component

The PageHeader component will add a reusable header to your frontend.

Create a new file named PageHeader.tsx in the components folder and add the following code to PageHeader.tsx.

// ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/components/PageHeader.tsx

import React from "react";

interface PageHeaderProps {
  heading: string,
  text?: string,
}

export default function PageHeader({ heading, text } : PageHeaderProps) {
  return (
    <div className="my-16 w-full text-center">
    { text && <span className="text-violet-400 font-bold">{text}</span> }
    <h2 className="text-4xl my-4 lg:text-5xl font-bold font-heading">{heading}</h2>
  </div>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Create Layout

Let's create a layout that provides code for the UI. This will be shared between routes.

Create a new file named layout.tsx in the src/app/[lang] directory.

touch src/app/[lang]/layout.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to layout.tsx:

// ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/layout.tsx

import type { Metadata } from "next";
import "./globals.css";
import { getStrapiMedia, getStrapiURL } from "./utils/api-helpers";
import { fetchAPI } from "./utils/fetch-api";

import { i18n } from "../../../i18n-config";
import Footer from "./components/Footer";
import Navbar from "./components/Navbar";

const FALLBACK_SEO = {
  title: "Strapi Starter Next Blog",
  description: "Strapi Starter Next Blog",
}


async function getGlobal(): Promise<any> {
  const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;

  if (!token) throw new Error("The Strapi API Token environment variable is not set.");

  const path = `/global`;
  const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };

  const urlParamsObject = {
    populate: [
      "metadata.shareImage",
      "favicon",
      "navbar.links",
      "navbar.navbarLogo.logoImg",
      "footer.footerLogo.logoImg",
      "footer.menuLinks",
      "footer.legalLinks",
      "footer.socialLinks",
      "footer.categories",
    ],
  };

  const response = await fetchAPI(path, urlParamsObject, options);
  return response;
}

export async function generateMetadata(): Promise<Metadata> {
  const meta = await getGlobal();

  if (!meta.data) return FALLBACK_SEO;

  const { metadata, favicon } = meta.data.attributes;
  const { url } = favicon.data.attributes;

  return {
    title: metadata.metaTitle,
    description: metadata.metaDescription,
    icons: {
      icon: [new URL(url, getStrapiURL())],
    },
  };
}

export default async function RootLayout({
  children,
  params,
}: {
  children: React.ReactNode;
  params: { lang: string };
}) {
  const global = await getGlobal();
  // TODO: CREATE A CUSTOM ERROR PAGE
  if (!global.data) return null;

  const { navbar, footer } = global.data.attributes;

  const navbarLogoUrl = getStrapiMedia(
    navbar.navbarLogo.logoImg.data.attributes.url
  );

  const footerLogoUrl = getStrapiMedia(
    footer.footerLogo.logoImg.data.attributes.url
  );

  return (
    <html lang={params.lang}>
      <body>
        <Navbar
          links={navbar.links}
          logoUrl={navbarLogoUrl}
          logoText={navbar.navbarLogo.logoText}
        />

        <main className="dark:bg-black dark:text-gray-100 min-h-screen">
          {children}
        </main>

        <Footer
          logoUrl={footerLogoUrl}
          logoText={footer.footerLogo.logoText}
          menuLinks={footer.menuLinks}
          categoryLinks={footer.categories.data}
          legalLinks={footer.legalLinks}
          socialLinks={footer.socialLinks}
        />
      </body>
    </html>
  );
}

export async function generateStaticParams() {
  return i18n.locales.map((locale) => ({ lang: locale }));
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The layout.tsx provides a consistent layout structure for the blog frontend. It fetches global data from the Strapi API, retrieves metadata, and renders the necessary components such as the Navbar and the Footer. It also handles internationalization by generating static parameters based on the available locales.

Notice that the code imports a globals.css file, a Footer component, and a Navbar component but they are yet to be created. In addition, a Logo component for the blog logo will be needed. This will be used by the Navbar and Footer components. Let's create the files.

Add Logo component

Create a new file named Logo.tsx in the components folder and add the following code to Logo.tsx:

// ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/components/Logo.tsx

import React from "react";
import Link from "next/link";
import Image from "next/image";

export default function Logo({
  src,
  children,
}: {
  src: string | null;
  children?: React.ReactNode;
}) {
  return (
    <Link
      href="/"
      aria-label="Back to homepage"
      className="flex items-center p-2"
    >
      {src && <Image src={src} alt="logo" width={45} height={45} />}
      <div className="ml-2">{children}</div>
    </Link>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add Navbar component

Create a new file named Navbar.tsx in the components folder and add the following code to Navbar.tsx:

// ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/components/Navbar.tsx

"use client";
import Logo from "./Logo";
import Link from "next/link";
import { usePathname } from "next/navigation";

interface NavLink {
  id: number;
  url: string;
  newTab: boolean;
  text: string;
}

function NavLink({ url, text }: NavLink) {
  const path = usePathname();

  return (
    <li className="flex">
      <Link
        href={url}
        className={`flex items-center mx-4 -mb-1 border-b-2 dark:border-transparent ${
          path === url && "dark:text-violet-400 dark:border-violet-400"
        }}`}
      >
        {text}
      </Link>
    </li>
  );
}

export default function Navbar({
  links,
  logoUrl,
  logoText,
}: {
  links: Array<NavLink>;
  logoUrl: string | null;
  logoText: string | null;
}) {
  return (
    <div className="p-4 dark:bg-black dark:text-gray-100">
      <div className="container flex justify-between h-16 mx-auto px-0 sm:px-6">
        <Logo src={logoUrl}>
          {logoText && <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold">{logoText}</h2>}
        </Logo>

        <div className="items-center flex-shrink-0 hidden lg:flex">
          <ul className="items-stretch hidden space-x-3 lg:flex">
            {links.map((item: NavLink) => (
              <NavLink key={item.id} {...item} />
            ))}
          </ul>
        </div>

        <button className="p-4 lg:hidden">
          <svg
            xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
            fill="none"
            viewBox="0 0 24 24"
            stroke="currentColor"
            className="w-6 h-6 dark:text-gray-100"
          >
            <path
              strokeLinecap="round"
              strokeLinejoin="round"
              strokeWidth="2"
              d="M4 6h16M4 12h16M4 18h16"
            ></path>
          </svg>
        </button>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add Footer component

Create a new file named Footer.tsx in the components folder and add the following code to Footer.tsx:

"use client";
import { usePathname } from "next/navigation";
import Link from "next/link";
import Logo from "./Logo";
import { CgWebsite } from "react-icons/cg";
import { FaDiscord } from "react-icons/fa";
import { AiFillTwitterCircle, AiFillYoutube } from "react-icons/ai";

interface FooterLink {
  id: number;
  url: string;
  newTab: boolean;
  text: string;
  social?: string;
}

interface CategoryLink {
  id: string;
  attributes: {
    name: string;
    slug: string;
  };
}

function FooterLink({ url, text }: FooterLink) {
  const path = usePathname();
  return (
    <li className="flex">
      <Link
        href={url}
        className={`hover:dark:text-violet-400 ${
          path === url && "dark:text-violet-400 dark:border-violet-400"
        }}`}
      >
        {text}
      </Link>
    </li>
  );
}

function CategoryLink({ attributes }: CategoryLink) {
  return (
    <li className="flex">
      <Link
        href={`/${attributes.slug}`}
        className="hover:dark:text-violet-400"
      >
        {attributes.name}
      </Link>
    </li>
  );
}

function RenderSocialIcon({ social }: { social: string | undefined }) {
  switch (social) {
    case "WEBSITE":
      return <CgWebsite />;
    case "TWITTER":
      return <AiFillTwitterCircle />;
    case "YOUTUBE":
      return <AiFillYoutube />;
    case "DISCORD":
      return <FaDiscord />;
    default:
      return null;
  }
}

export default function Footer({
  logoUrl,
  logoText,
  menuLinks,
  categoryLinks,
  legalLinks,
  socialLinks,
}: {
  logoUrl: string | null;
  logoText: string | null;
  menuLinks: Array<FooterLink>;
  categoryLinks: Array<CategoryLink>;
  legalLinks: Array<FooterLink>;
  socialLinks: Array<FooterLink>;
}) {

  return (
    <footer className="py-6 dark:bg-black dark:text-gray-50">
      <div className="container px-6 mx-auto space-y-6 divide-y divide-gray-400 md:space-y-12 divide-opacity-50">
        <div className="grid grid-cols-12">
          <div className="pb-6 col-span-full md:pb-0 md:col-span-6">
            <Logo src={logoUrl}>
              {logoText && <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold">{logoText}</h2>}
            </Logo>
          </div>

          <div className="col-span-6 text-center md:text-left md:col-span-3">
            <p className="pb-1 text-lg font-medium">Categories</p>
            <ul>
              {categoryLinks.map((link: CategoryLink) => (
                <CategoryLink key={link.id} {...link} />
              ))}
            </ul>
          </div>

          <div className="col-span-6 text-center md:text-left md:col-span-3">
            <p className="pb-1 text-lg font-medium">Menu</p>
            <ul>
              {menuLinks.map((link: FooterLink) => (
                <FooterLink key={link.id} {...link} />
              ))}
            </ul>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div className="grid justify-center pt-6 lg:justify-between">
          <div className="flex">
            <span className="mr-2">
              ©{new Date().getFullYear()} All rights reserved
            </span>
            <ul className="flex">
              {legalLinks.map((link: FooterLink) => (
                <Link
                  href={link.url}
                  className="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-300 mr-2"
                  key={link.id}
                >
                  {link.text}
                </Link>
              ))}
            </ul>
          </div>
          <div className="flex justify-center pt-4 space-x-4 lg:pt-0 lg:col-end-13">
            {socialLinks.map((link: FooterLink) => {
              return (
                <a
                  key={link.id}
                  rel="noopener noreferrer"
                  href={link.url}
                  title={link.text}
                  target={link.newTab ? "_blank" : "_self"}
                  className="flex items-center justify-center w-10 h-10 rounded-full dark:bg-violet-400 dark:text-gray-900"
                >
                  <RenderSocialIcon social={link.social} />
                </a>
              );
            })}
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </footer>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add globals.css

Create a new file called globals.css in the [lang] folder and add the following code to globals.css:

/* ./frontend/src/app/[lang]/globals.css */

@tailwind base;
@tailwind components;
@tailwind utilities;
@import "react-slideshow-image/dist/styles.css";

body {
  @apply dark:bg-black
}


/******************************************* 
  Rich Text Styles
*******************************************/ 

/* Headers */
.rich-text h1 {
  @apply text-4xl font-bold mb-4 text-violet-400;
}

.rich-text h2 {
  @apply text-3xl font-bold mb-4 text-violet-400;
}

.rich-text h3 {
  @apply text-2xl font-bold mb-4 text-violet-400;
}

.rich-text h4 {
  @apply text-xl font-bold mb-4 text-violet-400;
}

.rich-text h5 {
  @apply text-lg font-bold mb-4 text-violet-400;
}

.rich-text h6 {
  @apply text-base font-bold mb-4 text-violet-200;
}

/* Horizontal rules */
.rich-text hr {
  @apply border-gray-300 my-8;
}

.rich-text a {
  @apply text-violet-400 underline;
}

/* Typographic replacements */
.rich-text p {
  @apply mb-4;
}

/* Emphasis */
.rich-text strong {
  @apply font-bold;
}

.rich-text em {
  @apply italic;
}

.rich-text del {
  @apply line-through;
}

/* Blockquotes */
.rich-text blockquote {
  @apply border-l-4 border-gray-400 pl-4 py-2 mb-4;
}

/* Lists */
.rich-text ul {
  @apply list-disc pl-4 mb-4;
}

.rich-text ol {
  @apply list-decimal pl-4 mb-4;
}

.rich-text li {
  @apply mb-2;
}

.rich-text li > ul {
  @apply list-disc pl-4 mb-2;
}

.rich-text li > ol {
  @apply list-decimal pl-4 mb-2;
}

/* Code blocks */
.rich-text pre {
  @apply font-mono bg-gray-900 text-gray-100 rounded p-4  my-6;
}

.rich-text code {
  @apply font-mono bg-gray-900 text-gray-100 rounded px-2 py-1;
}

/* Tables */
.rich-text table {
  @apply w-full border-collapse border-gray-300 my-6;
}

.rich-text th {
  @apply bg-gray-900 text-left py-2 px-4 font-semibold border-b border-gray-300;
}

.rich-text td {
  @apply py-2 px-4 border-b border-gray-300;
}

/* Images */
.rich-text img {
  @apply w-full object-cover rounded-xl my-6;
}

/* Custom containers */
.rich-text .warning {
  @apply bg-yellow-100 border-yellow-500 text-yellow-700 px-4 py-2 rounded-lg mb-4;
}


/******************************************* 
  React Slideshow Styles
*******************************************/   

.react-slideshow-container [aria-label="Previous Slide"] {
  margin-left: 1rem;
}

.react-slideshow-container [aria-label="Next Slide"] {
  margin-right: 1rem;
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Test Home Page

Make sure your Strapi backend server is running, then start your Next.js frontend development server.

Run the following command in the frontend directory:

yarn dev
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Visit http://localhost:3000 in your browser and you should your blog’s home page..

Blog Home Page

Great! The home page is working and is displaying a grid of all posts as expected.

Create Category Page

The next step is to create a page for each category.

Create [category] folder

Create a folder named [category] inside the [lang] folder. Since we have multiple categories we will use Dynamic Segments for handling the routes for each category. Therefore the URL for each category will be based on its name.

mkdir src/app/[lang]/[category]
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add page.tsx file

Create a file called page.tsx in the [category] folder.

touch src/app/[lang]/[category]/page.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to page.tsx:

import PageHeader from '@/app/[lang]/components/PageHeader';
import { fetchAPI } from '@/app/[lang]/utils/fetch-api';
import PostList from '@/app/[lang]/components/PostList';

async function fetchPostsByCategory(filter: string) {
    try {
        const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;
        const path = `/articles`;
        const urlParamsObject = {
            sort: { createdAt: 'desc' },
            filters: {
                category: {
                    slug: filter,
                },
            },
            populate: {
                cover: { fields: ['url'] },
                category: {
                    populate: '*',
                },
                authorsBio: {
                    populate: '*',
                },
            },
        };
        const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };
        const responseData = await fetchAPI(path, urlParamsObject, options);
        return responseData;
    } catch (error) {
        console.error(error);
    }
}

export default async function CategoryRoute({ params }: { params: { category: string } }) {
    const filter = params.category;
    const { data } = await fetchPostsByCategory(filter);

    if (data.length === 0) return <div>Not Posts In this category</div>;

    const { name, description } = data[0]?.attributes.category.data.attributes;

    return (
        <div>
            <PageHeader heading={name} text={description} />
            <PostList data={data} />
        </div>
    );
}

export async function generateStaticParams() {
    return [];
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The provided code fetches and renders posts for a specific category. It exports two asynchronous functions: CategoryRoute and generateStaticParams.

The CategoryRoute function handles rendering content for a specific category. It retrieves the category from the provided parameters, calls the fetchPostsByCategory function to fetch posts data for that category, and then renders a page header with the category name and description, followed by a list of posts.

The fetchPostsByCategory function fetches posts by a given category. It constructs an API request with sorting, filtering, and population options, and retrieves the response data.

The generateStaticParams function is used for generating static paths based on dynamic routes. In this case, it returns an empty array.

Overall, the code retrieves and displays posts data for a specific category, utilizing asynchronous functions for API requests and rendering.

Test Category Page

Make sure your Strapi backend server is running, then start your Next.js frontend development server.

Run the following command in the frontend directory:

yarn dev
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Visit http://localhost:3000/strapi in your browser and you should see the strapi category page of your blog.

Strapi Category Page

You can test the other categories by clicking on the category links in the footer of your blog.

Category Links

The category page should work and display a grid of posts related to the specific category.

Create Article Page

The next step is to create a page for each article that displays the full post.

Create [slug] folder

Create a folder called [slug] in the [category] folder. This implies that each article will be have a route based on its slug as defined in the Strapi Admin Panel. The slug is generated from the post title.

mkdir src/app/[lang]/[category]/[slug]
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Inside the [slug] folder, create two new files:

  • page.tsx for fetching and rendering the article.
  • layout.tsx for the layout of the Article page. 
touch src/app/[lang]/[category]/[slug]/page.tsx src/app/[lang]/[category]/[slug]/layout.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add page.tsx file

Add the following code to src/app/[lang]/[category]/[slug]/page.tsx:

import { fetchAPI } from '@/app/[lang]/utils/fetch-api';
import Post from '@/app/[lang]/components/Post';
import type { Metadata } from 'next';

async function getPostBySlug(slug: string) {
    const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;
    const path = `/articles`;
    const urlParamsObject = {
        filters: { slug },
        populate: {
            cover: { fields: ['url'] },
            authorsBio: { populate: '*' },
            category: { fields: ['name'] },
            blocks: { populate: '*' },
        },
    };
    const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };
    const response = await fetchAPI(path, urlParamsObject, options);
    return response;
}

async function getMetaData(slug: string) {
    const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;
    const path = `/articles`;
    const urlParamsObject = {
        filters: { slug },
        populate: { seo: { populate: '*' } },
    };
    const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };
    const response = await fetchAPI(path, urlParamsObject, options);
    return response.data;
}

export async function generateMetadata({ params }: { params: { slug: string } }): Promise<Metadata> {
    const meta = await getMetaData(params.slug);
    const metadata = meta[0].attributes.seo;

    return {
        title: metadata.metaTitle,
        description: metadata.metaDescription,
    };
}

export default async function PostRoute({ params }: { params: { slug: string } }) {
    const { slug } = params;
    const data = await getPostBySlug(slug);
    if (data.data.length === 0) return <h2>no post found</h2>;
    return <Post data={data.data[0]} />;
}

export async function generateStaticParams() {
    const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;
    const path = `/articles`;
    const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };
    const articleResponse = await fetchAPI(
        path,
        {
            populate: ['category'],
        },
        options
    );

    return articleResponse.data.map(
        (article: {
            attributes: {
                slug: string;
                category: {
                    slug: string;
                };
            };
        }) => ({ slug: article.attributes.slug, category: article.attributes.slug })
    );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The page.tsx file for individual posts displays an article by fetching post data using the fetchAPI helper function and uses the Post component to render the page.

page.tsx includes the following functions:

  • getPostBySlug: Fetches post data based on a given slug, including cover, authorsBio, and category.
  • getMetaData: Fetches metadata for a post based on a given slug.
  • generateMetadata: Generates metadata for a post using the getMetadata function and returns the title and description of a post.
  • PostRoute: Renders the post page based on a given slug. The function retrieves post data using the getPostBySlug function and renders the post using the Post component.
  • generateStaticParams: Generates static parameters for articles by fetching the articles' data and mapping it to an array with the slug and category attributes as strings.

Add Post component

page.tsx imports a Post component for rendering posts. Create a Post.tsx file in the components folder.

touch src/app/[lang]/components/Post.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to Post.tsx:

import { formatDate, getStrapiMedia } from '@/app/[lang]/utils/api-helpers';
import { postRenderer } from '@/app/[lang]/utils/post-renderer';
import Image from 'next/image';

interface Article {
    id: number;
    attributes: {
        title: string;
        description: string;
        slug: string;
        cover: {
            data: {
                attributes: {
                    url: string;
                };
            };
        };
        authorsBio: {
            data: {
                attributes: {
                    name: string;
                    avatar: {
                        data: {
                            attributes: {
                                url: string;
                            };
                        };
                    };
                };
            };
        };
        blocks: any[];
        publishedAt: string;
    };
}

export default function Post({ data }: { data: Article }) {
    const { title, description, publishedAt, cover, authorsBio } = data.attributes;
    const author = authorsBio.data?.attributes;
    const imageUrl = getStrapiMedia(cover.data?.attributes.url);
    const authorImgUrl = getStrapiMedia(authorsBio.data?.attributes.avatar.data.attributes.url);

    return (
        <article className="space-y-8 dark:bg-black dark:text-gray-50">
            {imageUrl && (
                <Image
                    src={imageUrl}
                    alt="article cover image"
                    width={400}
                    height={400}
                    className="w-full h-96 object-cover rounded-lg"
                />
            )}
            <div className="space-y-6">
                <h1 className="leading-tight text-5xl font-bold ">{title}</h1>
                <div className="flex flex-col items-start justify-between w-full md:flex-row md:items-center dark:text-gray-400">
                    <div className="flex items-center md:space-x-2">
                        {authorImgUrl && (
                            <Image
                                src={authorImgUrl}
                                alt="article cover image"
                                width={400}
                                height={400}
                                className="w-14 h-14 border rounded-full dark:bg-gray-500 dark:border-gray-700"
                            />
                        )}
                        <p className="text-md dark:text-violet-400">
                            {author && author.name} • {formatDate(publishedAt)}
                        </p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div className="dark:text-gray-100">
                <p>{description}</p>

                {data.attributes.blocks.map((section: any, index: number) => postRenderer(section, index))}
            </div>
        </article>
    );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The Post component renders details of an article. It expects a data prop with specific attributes which include a title, description, slug, cover, authorsBio, blocks, and publishedAt. It renders an article based on these attributes.

It maps over the data.attributes.blocks array and uses a postFenderer utility function to render each article section.

Create postRenderer utility

Let's create the postRenderer utility function to be used by the Post component.

Create a new file named post-renderer.tsx inside the utils folder.

touch src/app/[lang]/utils/post-renderer.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to post-renderer.tsx:

import RichText from "../components/RichText";
import ImageSlider from "../components/ImageSlider";
import Quote from "../components/Quote";
import Media from "../components/Media";
import VideoEmbed from "../components/VideoEmbed";

export function postRenderer(section: any, index: number) {
  switch (section.__component) {
    case "shared.rich-text":
      return <RichText key={index} data={section} />;
    case "shared.slider":
      return <ImageSlider key={index} data={section} />;
    case "shared.quote": 
      return <Quote key={index} data={section} />;
    case "shared.media":
      return <Media key={index} data={section} />;
    case "shared.video-embed":
      return <VideoEmbed key={index} data={section} />;
    default:
      return null;
  }
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The postRenderer utility function is used to dynamically render different types of sections within a post based on the __component value of each section. This could be a RichText, ImageSlider, Quote, Media, or VideoEmbed component

Next, we will create the respective components required by the postRenderer utility.

Create the RichText, ImageSlider, Quote, Media, and VideoEmbed components:

touch src/app/[lang]/components/{RichText,ImageSlider,Quote,Media,VideoEmbed}.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add RichText Component

Add the following code to RichText.tsx:

import Markdown from "react-markdown";
import remarkGfm from "remark-gfm";

interface RichTextProps {
  data: {
    body: string;
  };
}

export default function RichText({ data }: RichTextProps) {
  return (
    <section className="rich-text py-6 dark:bg-black dark:text-gray-50 ">
      <Markdown children={data.body} remarkPlugins={[remarkGfm]} />
    </section>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The RichText component converts markdown-formatted text into HTML and renders it as a section of rich text content. It relies on the Markdown component from the react-markdown library and the remark-gfm plugin for rendering Markdown syntax with additional features like tables.

Add ImageSlider component

Add the following code to ImageSlider.tsx:

"use client";
import { Fade } from "react-slideshow-image";
import { getStrapiMedia } from "../utils/api-helpers";
import Image from "next/image";

interface Image {
  id: number;
  attributes: {
    alternativeText: string | null;
    caption: string | null;
    url: string;
  };
}

interface SlidShowProps {
  files: {
    data: Image[];
  };
}

export default function Slideshow({ data }: { data: SlidShowProps }) {
  return (
    <div className="slide-container">
      <Fade>
        {data.files.data.map((fadeImage: Image, index) => {
          const imageUrl = getStrapiMedia(fadeImage.attributes.url);
          return (
            <div key={index}>
              {imageUrl && <Image className="w-full h-96 object-cover rounded-lg" height={400} width={600} alt="alt text" src={imageUrl} />}
            </div>
          );
        })}
      </Fade>
    </div>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The Slideshow component creates an image slider by rendering a series of images based on the provided data. The Fade component from the react-slideshow-image library provides the sliding effect, and the Image component from Next.js handles the rendering of each image.

Add Quote component

Add the following code to Quote.tsx:

interface QuoteProps {
    data: {
      title: string;
      body: string;
      author: string;
    };
  }

  export default function Quote({ data }: QuoteProps) {
    const { title, body, author } = data;

    return (
      <div className="flex flex-col items-center mx-12 lg:mx-0 py-44">
        {title && <h2 className="my-4">{title}</h2>}
        <div className="relative text-center">
          <svg
            xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
            viewBox="0 0 512 512"
            fill="currentColor"
            className="absolute top-0 -left-4 w-4 h-4 dark:text-gray-700"
          >
            <path d="M232,246.857V16H16V416H54.4ZM48,48H200V233.143L48,377.905Z"></path>
            <path d="M280,416h38.4L496,246.857V16H280ZM312,48H464V233.143L312,377.905Z"></path>
          </svg>
          <p className="px-6 py-1 text-lg italic">{body}</p>
          <svg
            xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
            viewBox="0 0 512 512"
            fill="currentColor"
            className="absolute bottom-0 -right-4 w-4 h-4 dark:text-gray-700"
          >
            <path d="M280,185.143V416H496V16H457.6ZM464,384H312V198.857L464,54.1Z"></path>
            <path d="M232,16H193.6L16,185.143V416H232ZM200,384H48V198.857L200,54.1Z"></path>
          </svg>
        </div>
        <span className="w-12 h-1 my-2 rounded-lg dark:bg-violet-400"></span>
        {author ? <p>{author}</p> : "unknown"}
      </div>
    );
  }
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The Quote component renders a blockquote with a title, body, and an optional author. The quote symbols are displayed using SVG icons, and appropriate styling classes are applied for visual presentation.

Add Media component

Add the following code to Media.tsx:

import { getStrapiMedia } from "../utils/api-helpers";
import Image from "next/image";

interface MediaProps {
  file: {
    data: {
      id: string;
      attributes: {
        url: string;
        name: string;
        alternativeText: string;
      };
    };
  };
}

export default function Media({ data }: { data: MediaProps }) {
  const imgUrl = getStrapiMedia(data.file.data.attributes.url);
  return (
    <div className="flex items-center justify-center mt-8 lg:mt-0 h-72 sm:h-80 lg:h-96 xl:h-112 2xl:h-128">
      <Image
        src={imgUrl || ""}
        alt={data.file.data.attributes.alternativeText || "none provided"}
        className="object-cover w-full h-full rounded-lg overflow-hidden"
        width={400}
        height={400}
      />
    </div>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The Media component renders an image or media file using the Next.js Image component. The image is displayed with rounded corners and is set to a specific width and height. The getStrapiMedia function is used to retrieve the media URL.

Add VideoEmbed component

Add the following code to VideoEmbed.tsx:

import React from "react";

interface VideoEmbedProps {
  id: number;
  url: string;
  width?: string;
  height?: string;
}

const getEmbedUrl = (videoUrl: string): string | null => {
  const youtubeRegex =
    /^.*(youtu.be\/|v\/|u\/\w\/|embed\/|watch\?v=|watch\?v%3D)([\w-]{11}).*/;
  const youtubeMatch = videoUrl.match(youtubeRegex);

  if (youtubeMatch && youtubeMatch[2].length === 11) {
    return `https://www.youtube.com/embed/${youtubeMatch[2]}`;
  }

  // Add support for other video platforms here

  return null;
};

export default function VideoEmbed({ data }: { data: VideoEmbedProps }) {
  const embedUrl = getEmbedUrl(data.url);

  if (!embedUrl) return <div>Invalid video URL</div>;

  return (
    <div className="video-embed relative pb-56.25 h-72 lg:h-[450px] overflow-hidden my-8">
      <iframe
        title="video"
        src={embedUrl || ""}
        width={data.width || "100%"}
        height={data.height || "100%"}
        allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
        allowFullScreen
        className="absolute top-0 left-0 w-full h-full"
      />
    </div>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

The VideoEmbed component renders an embedded video based on the provided URL. It supports YouTube videos by extracting the video ID and creating an embed URL. If the URL is invalid, it displays an error message. The embedded video is displayed within a container with specified dimensions, and the iframe allows for various video playback features.

Add Layout

Add the following code to src/app/[lang]/[category]/[slug]/layout.tsx:

import React from "react";

import ArticleSelect from "@/app/[lang]/components/ArticleSelect";
import { fetchAPI } from "@/app/[lang]/utils/fetch-api";

async function fetchSideMenuData(filter: string) {
  try {
    const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;
    const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };

    const categoriesResponse = await fetchAPI(
      "/categories",
      { populate: "*" },
      options
    );

    const articlesResponse = await fetchAPI(
      "/articles",
      filter
        ? {
            filters: {
              category: {
                name: filter,
              },
            },
          }
        : {},
      options
    );

    return {
      articles: articlesResponse.data,
      categories: categoriesResponse.data,
    };
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(error);
  }
}

interface Category {
  id: number;
  attributes: {
    name: string;
    slug: string;
    articles: {
      data: Array<{}>;
    };
  };
}

interface Article {
  id: number;
  attributes: {
    title: string;
    slug: string;
  };
}

interface Data {
  articles: Article[];
  categories: Category[];
}

export default async function LayoutRoute({
  params,
  children,
}: {
  children: React.ReactNode;
  params: {
    slug: string;
    category: string;
  };
}) {
  const { category } = params;
  const { categories, articles } = (await fetchSideMenuData(category)) as Data;

  return (
    <section className="container p-8 mx-auto space-y-6 sm:space-y-12">
      <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-2 lg:gap-4">
        <div className="col-span-2">{children}</div>
        <aside>
          <ArticleSelect
            categories={categories}
            articles={articles}
            params={params}
          />
        </aside>
      </div>
    </section>
  );
}

export async function generateStaticParams() {
  const token = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_STRAPI_API_TOKEN;
  const path = `/articles`;
  const options = { headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` } };
  const articleResponse = await fetchAPI(
    path,
    {
      populate: ["category"],
    },
    options
  );

  return articleResponse.data.map(
    (article: {
      attributes: {
        slug: string;
        category: {
          slug: string;
        };
      };
    }) => ({ slug: article.attributes.slug, category: article.attributes.slug })
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

layout.tsx serves as a wrapper for the content rendered on the article page by its child components. It has the following functions:

  • fetchSideMenuData: Fetches data (articles and categories) for the side menu using the fetchAPI.
  • LayoutRoute: Makes use of the fetchSideMenuData function to fetch the necessary data based on the category received from the params. It then renders the content within a section container with padding and spacing. The layout is divided into two columns using CSS grid: the first column contains the children components, and the second column contains the ArticleSelect component, which receives the fetched categories, articles, and params as props.
  • generateStaticParams: Retrieves article data from the backend, including the article's slug and its associated category. It returns an array of objects containing the slug and category for each article.

Add ArticleSelect component

Create a file named ArticleSelect.tsx inside the components folder:

touch src/app/[lang]/components/ArticleSelect.tsx
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Add the following code to ArticleSelect.tsx:

import React from "react";
import Link from "next/link";

interface Category {
  id: number;
  attributes: {
    name: string;
    slug: string;
    articles: {
      data: Array<{}>;
    };
  };
}

interface Article {
  id: number;
  attributes: {
    title: string;
    slug: string;
  };
}

function selectedFilter(current: string, selected: string) {
  return current === selected
    ? "px-3 py-1 rounded-lg hover:underline dark:bg-violet-700 dark:text-gray-100"
    : "px-3 py-1 rounded-lg hover:underline dark:bg-violet-400 dark:text-gray-900";
}

export default function ArticleSelect({
  categories,
  articles,
  params,
}: {
  categories: Category[];
  articles: Article[];
  params: {
    slug: string;
    category: string;
  };
}) {

  return (
    <div className="p-4 rounded-lg dark:bg-gray-900 min-h-[365px] relative">
      <h4 className="text-xl font-semibold">Browse By Category</h4>

      <div>
        <div className="flex flex-wrap py-6 space-x-2 dark:border-gray-400">
          {categories.map((category: Category) => {
            if (category.attributes.articles.data.length === 0) return null;
            return (
              <Link
                href={`/${category.attributes.slug}`}
                className={selectedFilter(
                  category.attributes.slug,
                  params.category
                )}
              >
                #{category.attributes.name}
              </Link>
            );
          })}
          <Link href={"/"} className={selectedFilter("", "filter")}>
            #all
          </Link>
        </div>

        <div className="space-y-2">
          <h4 className="text-lg font-semibold">Other Posts You May Like</h4>
          <ul className="ml-4 space-y-1 list-disc">
            {articles.map((article: Article) => {
              return (
                <li>
                  <Link
                    rel="noopener noreferrer"
                    href={`/${params.category}/${article.attributes.slug}`}
                    className={`${
                      params.slug === article.attributes.slug &&
                      "text-violet-400"
                    }  hover:underline hover:text-violet-400 transition-colors duration-200`}
                  >
                    {article.attributes.title}
                  </Link>
                </li>
              );
            })}
          </ul>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

This component is responsible for rendering a side menu that allows users to browse articles by category and displays a list of related articles. It displays category links and a list of related articles.

There is a helper function called selectedFilter that determines the CSS class based on the currently selected category.

A side menu section is rendered with the title "Browse By Category". It then iterates over the categories array and renders links for each category. If a category has no associated articles, it will be skipped. The link's appearance is determined by the selectedFilter function.

At the end of the side menu, there is a section titled "Other Posts You May Like". It renders a list of related articles based on the articles array. Each article is rendered as a list item with a link to the corresponding article's URL.

Test Article Page

Make sure your Strapi backend server is running, then start your Next.js frontend development server.

Run the following command in the frontend directory:

yarn dev
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode

Visit http://localhost:3000 in your browser and you should see the blog home page. Click on any one of the articles and you should see a full article.

Single Article Page

Conclusion

In conclusion, this article provided a comprehensive guide on building a blog website using Strapi for the backend and Next.js for the frontend. The tutorial covered various steps, including setting up the project folder, creating a Strapi app, seeding the data, setting up the Next.js app, configuring the Strapi API token, setting up middleware, fetching data from Strapi, creating the home page for the blog, creating category pages and creating a single article page.

By following the step-by-step instructions and code examples, you learned how to leverage the power of Strapi and Next.js to create a fully functional blog website. They learned how to fetch data from the Strapi API, display articles in a neat blog-like format, implement pagination, and handle internationalization.

Overall, this tutorial gave developers the necessary knowledge and resources to build their own blog website using Next.js and Strapi. By combining the flexibility of Strapi's CMS with the powerful frontend capabilities of Next.js, you can create dynamic and customizable blogs tailored to their specific needs.

Image
This Is The New Big Thing In Bi-Fold Door Repair
Image
The Most Effective Reasons For People To Succeed Within The Accident Lawyers Baton Rouge Industry
Image
Working with Spring Data JPA: CRUD Operations and Beyond

spring, database, jpa
Image
The One Accident Attorneys In My Area Mistake That Every Beginner Makes
Image
mengenali lebih dekat macam-macam judi slots online popular
Image
12 Stats About Accident Lawyers Manhattan To Make You Think Smarter About Other People
Image
Kanapy Marzeń: Jak Wybrać Idealną Sofę do Twojego Wnętrza?
Image
Why You Must Experience New York City Accident Lawyer At Least Once In Your Lifetime
Image
Key Repair Near Me: What's No One Is Discussing
Image
Cat Flap Installer Near Me
Image
How to Install a UPVC Door Panels Cat Flap
Image
What Is Spare Car Keys Cut And How To Utilize It?
Image
Gas Engineer Near Me Tools To Improve Your Everyday Life
Image
Its History Of Need Spare Car Key
Image
Hi there Developers
Image
What Are The Myths And Facts Behind Lost Car Keys No Spare
Image
A Brief History Of Legit Crypto Casino History Of Legit Crypto Casino
Image
12 Stats About Best Accident Attorney To Make You Look Smart Around Other People
Image
Hacktoberfest - Week 5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .