Author: Hammad Ahmed

Have you wondered how a Gatsby blog could work while it consumes a Strapi API? In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to deploy a Gatsby blog on Cloudflare Pages that fetches content from a Strapi instance deployed on a cloud hosting providers like Heroku or AWS.

Let’s dive in!

Introduction to Strapi

Strapi is a powerful and open-source headless Content Management System (CMS) based on Node.js that gives developers the freedom to choose their favorite tools and frameworks and allows editors to manage and distribute their content using their application's admin panel. You can also directly tinker with the source code itself.

If you are unfamiliar with the term headless CMS, it refers to the backend part of your application without any “front-end” or “head.” There are two kinds of headless CMSes: git-based and API-based. Strapi is API-based, and an example of a git-based headless CMS is Netlify CMS.

The benefit a headless CMS has over a traditional one is that, unlike the latter, you are not tied to any specific “head,” allowing you to consume the content of your headless CMS in a web app, a mobile app, or any other platform.

Strapi allows you to scaffold your API faster and consume it using any “head”: an HTTP client, or GraphQL enabled front-end, etc. It is another tool in the arsenal of front-end developers as it helps them create APIs without knowing back-end development.

Cloudflare Pages - a JAMstack platform

Cloudflare Pages is a new service by Cloudflare. They are famous for its CDN and DNS services. This new service is similar to Netlify and Github Pages. Cloudflare Pages lets developers deploy static sites by letting them connect their GitHub or Gitlab accounts and just selecting a repository.

Your site is live in no time, and with each git push, it gets automatically redeployed. In essence, Cloudflare Pages is a hosting provider for static websites. This tutorial will use Cloudflare Pages to host our Gatsby blog.

Learning goals

1. Choose a hosting platform for Strapi.
2. Choose a UI for Strapi.
3. Use the starter template provided by Strapi to install both Strapi and Gatsby on our computer.
4. Set up git repositories, each for Strapi and Gatsby.
5. Deploy our Strapi repo on a hosting provider and get the URL.
6. Deploy our Gatsby repo on Cloudflare Pages to consume the data from our Strapi instance.
7. Set up a webhook between Strapi and Cloudflare Pages to rebuild our Gatsby blog based on our desired condition(s), such as each time we add a new post or change the blog's name.
8. ## Prerequisites

To be able to follow this tutorial, you need to have Node and git installed and have a basic understanding of the following:

1. Knowledge of the CLI,
2. Web development knowledge, and
3. Knowledge of Node and npm (or Yarn).

Choose a hosting platform for Strapi

Many tutorials on the web use Heroku to demonstrate deploying the Strapi API. These tutorials ask you to sign up for a Heroku account and a Cloudinary account as well. The reason for the Cloudinary account is to host image assets since Heroku would restart at least once a day, removing any files not tracked in source control (in this case, it could be the thumbnails for our blog posts). The tutorials would then ask you to click on a link that would install Strapi for you on Heroku.

However, Heroku has ended its free tier, so an alternative offering a free tier is Render (with some limitations) or other free options like back4app. In their documentation, Render has a complete guide on deploying Strapi to their hosting platform.

You can check out guides for other hosting providers in the Strapi docs or this deployment options article. You can also create your own Heroku-like service to deploy the Strapi API by using Dokku with something like DigitalOcean.

Choose a UI

The front-end using Strapi can be anything: a website, a mobile app, or something else. In this tutorial, we will use a Gatsby blog. We could have gone with any other web-based solution, like another static site generator (e.g., Eleventy), a React-powered front-end, another front-end framework, or a website with just Vanilla JS.

You can check these guides out to learn how to integrate Strapi with other technologies.

Deploy the back-end

Introduction

For this tutorial, we will use Render to host our Strapi API for the blog. We are going to use a starter template provided by Strapi called “Strapi Starter Gatsby Blog” to easily create both our front-end (Gatsby blog) and back-end (Strap API) projects. We will use this starter template to:

• Create our projects first on our own computer
• Create git repos out of them
• Push them to Render, and Cloudflare Pages respectively

💾 Database
The starter template uses SQLite, so we don’t need to create a database separately in Render.

Install the starter template

Let's install this template. Creating a Gatsby blog powered by a Strapi API using this template is as simple as running a single command on your computer. You can choose to run this command either with npm or yarn , replacing <my-project> with the name of your project:

    // Run either of these commands in your computer terminal

    # Using Yarn
    yarn create strapi-starter <my-project> gatsby-blog

    # Or using NPM
    npx create-strapi-starter <my-project> gatsby-blog

I chose the name to be “sg-test-blog”, you can choose anything you want. The terminal will then ask you to choose between Quickstart and Custom. For this tutorial, we will go ahead with the Quickstart option. Press Enter on the Quickstart option and let the installation continue.

It will install the starter template for you, including creating a monorepo (both your Strapi API and your Gatsby blog), and installing dependencies. It will also run your project automatically.

• Gatsby front-end server at http://localhost:3000,
• Strapi back-end server at http://localhost:1337

API Token: The starter template’s GitHub repo mentions that you will need to manually create a full-access API token in Strapi: “Once it's created, save it as STRAPI_TOKEN in your environment variables”, we will deal with it later.

💽 Installation
Note that this tutorial only covers the Strapi installation on Render for GitHub and GitLab.

Set up the git repositories

We will initialize two separate git repositories, one for the front-end and one for the back-end, in their respective folders. First, we must create two separate repositories in our GitHub or Gitlab account.

🧑‍💻 Environment variables
Make sure your repos are private since they will have the .env files. We need to comment out the “.env” file in our .gitignore file (in both the front-end and the back-end folders) to make sure that it gets deployed as well. You need to do it like this (it was at the bottom of the page, in my case): # .env. If there is no .env file, you must create one.

We then need to initialize the git repos we just created in our projects and push them by running the following commands:

    // We are in the root of the project

    cd frontend
    git init
    git add .
    git commit -m "first commit"
    git branch -M main
    // replace "shammadahmed" with your username and "sg-gatsby-test" with your frontend repo name
    git remote add origin git@github.com:shammadahmed/sg-gatsby-test.git
    git push -u origin main

    cd ../backend
    git init
    git add .
    git commit -m "first commit"
    git branch -M main
    // replace "shammadahmed" with your username and "sg-gatsby-test" with your backend repo name
    git remote add origin git@github.com:shammadahmed/sg-strapi-test.git
    git push -u origin main

Wait for the commands to finish. After this, we can connect our backend git repo to Render for deployment.

Deploy to Render

1. First, you must sign up for a Render account.
2. After you are logged in, it will take you to the dashboard:

1. Click on “New Web Service,” which is in the second box in the above screenshot.
2. It will now ask you to connect your git repo.

1. Go ahead and connect your GitHub or GitLab account to access your back-end Strapi repo. Render will ask you to select your account and repo so that Render can “install itself” on it. After you have selected your account and repo, it will come back to the Render dashboard displaying the repo that you selected:

1. Click on “Connect” next to where your repo is listed, opening up this page:

1. Here, you will see that Render has automatically filled out some fields since it detected that the project is using Node. Add the name of your project and leave the remaining settings as they are since they satisfy our requirements. If you scroll down this page, you will see Render asking you to select a payment plan. We will select the free plan and lastly click on the “Create Web Service” button.

🛠️ Build command
The “production” build command for Strapi is npm run build or yarn build.

1. Wait for the deployment to finish.

🚦 Memory limit
If your deployment keeps getting failed, it could be because we are using the free plan on Render and the free plan has memory limits. I replaced the images in backend/data/uploads with tiny file-size images, made a commit, and redeployed, and the deployment finally succeeded.

1. After the deployment, go to your.app/admin (replace your.app with your specific domain) or just click the link at the top (in this case, https://sg-strapi-test.onrender.com/).

1. Congratulations! Our server is running successfully:

Set up an admin account

1. Now, let's browse to /admin on our new website. Opening this for the first time will redirect you to your.app/admin/auth/register-admin.

1. You now need to fill in the details in this form to create your admin account. You can then enter the admin panel:

We are done with the back-end deployment part; let’s copy the URL of our Strapi API for use in our front-end (in my case https://sg-strapi-test.onrender.com/).

Create the API Token

There is still one more step remaining: do you remember that the starter template asked us to create a full access token? We need to create one and save it as well for our front-end. We will go to the “Settings” tab in our Admin UI to create one.

Next, we need to click on API Tokens under Global Settings:

Now, click on the “Create new API Token” button:

Ensure that the token type is full access, choose a suitable name and suitable token duration, and click on the save button. You have successfully created your API Token. Copy it for our front-end, just like the Strapi API URL.

📡 API & permissions
If you have trouble loading your API through REST endpoints, it could be related to your permissions settings in the admin panel.

Deploy the frontend

Configure environment variables and settings

Now that we have our API URL, we need to write it in our front-end's .env file. Open this file (you may need to create one if not already there) and add both your URL and API Token like this:

    STRAPI_API_URL=https://sg-strapi-test.onrender.com/
    STRAPI_TOKEN=thisisthetokenthatyougenerated

Next, make a small change at the top of your gatsby-config.js file:

    // from this
    require("dotenv").config({
      path: `.env.${process.env.NODE_ENV}`,
    })

    // to this (we only removed .${process.env.NODE_ENV} from the 2nd line
    // make sure the rest of the file is as it was
    require("dotenv").config({
      path: `.env`,
    })

Now that our .env and gatsby-config.js files are ready, we will commit these changes:

    git add .
    git commit -m "add strapi api url"
    git push -u origin main

Deploy to Cloudflare Pages

We now need to create an account on Cloudflare Pages. After you are logged in, head on to the Pages tab if not already there:

Click the ‘Create a project’ button, which takes you to this screen asking you to choose from one of three options:

We will go ahead and use the “Connect to a git provider” option. Click the “Connect to git” button to proceed. Choose your git platform and select your account where you have the gatsby blog (front-end) that we created. Finally, select that repo.

I selected sg-gatsby-test and clicked the “Begin setup” button. This opens up the settings page for this deployment. Here, we will change the “Framework preset” setting to “Gatsby”.

Click on the “Save and Deploy” button to start your deployment.

🚦 Plan limits
Make sure that your Strapi server is active when you start the deployment of your front-end on Cloudflare Pages. It is necessary since Render shuts down after 15 minutes of inactivity, and you also lose the admin account. If you lose your current Render server instance, create a new admin account, regenerate your API Token, and commit it into your repository.

🛠️ Build command
Note that the “production” build command for Gatsby is build. You can run gatsby build with Gatsby CLI or npm run build.

If your deployment fails, it could be because of different Node versions on your computer and the Cloudflare servers. To solve this error, check your node version on your computer with node -v and add it to your project settings in Cloudflare Pages in the “Environment variables” tab like this:

💵 Cache
Another reason your deployment can fail is because of the cache. To solve this, either you can run gatsby clean (you need to have the CLI installed) before you push your repo, or you can just add the public and .cache folders in your .gitignore file (each folder on each line). This is important, make sure that you do either of them.

Wait for your deployment to finish.

Congratulations! We have successfully deployed our app. Click on the URL generated by Cloudflare Pages in the top right corner just below the “Manage deployment” button to load our site:

Hurray! Our Gatsby blog is ready live and looking beautiful.

Automatically redeploy with a webhook

Introduction

Cloudflare and Strapi announced their partnership through the Cloudflare Deploy Hooks for Strapi feature. With this feature, you can set up a connection between your front-end and back-end such that when you add new content (or make some other change) to your API through the Admin UI, it can trigger a new build of your front-end, refreshing the content of your site. We will do the following:

• Learn how this connection works.
• Generate a Deploy Hook in Cloudflare Pages.
• Add it to our Strapi Admin UI.
• Test our webhook by making a simple change.
• Wrap up this section by reviewing our deployment logs in Cloudflare Pages.

Process

You may be wondering how this works. Well, it is pretty simple: generate a URL in your Cloudflare Pages dashboard, add it to your Strapi Admin UI, and select the events that trigger the URL. When you make such an event happen, for example, adding a new article to your blog will change the data in your API endpoint, and Strapi will trigger the Cloudflare Pages URL.

Cloudflare Pages will listen to the trigger and start a new build of your front-end site, and when your Gatsby site is being compiled, it will access the new data through the API, creating the updated site for you.

Your new site will be live and showing your changes without having you trigger the deployment yourself. This whole scenario is called a webhook. Neat, isn’t it? Let’s make use of this feature in our blog.

Generate a Deploy Hook in Cloudflare Pages

To create a Deploy Hook (the URL we were talking about that you generate in Cloudflare Pages and add to your Strapi Admin UI), go to your Cloudflare dashboard. In the Pages tab, select your project (in our case, sg-gatsby-test).

Now go to the “Settings” tab and select "Builds & deployments” from the sidebar. Scroll down to the bottom of the page, and you will find the “Deploy hooks” section. Click the “Add deploy hook” button to create a deploy hook for our Strapi API.

It will now ask you to choose a suitable name for your deploy hook and the branch of your front-end repo to build. Let’s go with “strapi-api-admin-on-render” where the branch is “main”.

🪪 Naming
You see, I chose this particular name so that in case of any error, I can easily identify the source of the build trigger in the Cloudflare Pages dashboard.

We have successfully generated our Deploy hook URL:

Copy this URL for use in our Strapi Admin UI.

🔑 Keep your deploy hooks secure
Deploy Hooks do not require authentication for usage, so it is important to keep them secret and not share them with anyone, just like we did in the case of our API Token in our .env file. If you suspect someone unauthorized is using your Deploy Hook, you should delete the Deploy Hook and generate a new one.

Add a webhook in Strapi

In your Strapi Admin UI, go to the “Settings” tab and select “Webhooks” under “Global settings.”

🚦 Plan limits
Your Render server may have already become inactive and deleted the admin account you created. You may now need to load your Strapi API first so it becomes active. You will then need to create another admin account, generate a new token, replace the previous one in your frontend .env file with this new one and finally commit the changes. Wait for the deployment of your front-end to finish, and then continue with the tutorial.

Click the “Create new webhook” button to open this page:

Select a name (I named it “Cloudflare Pages Gatsby Blog”) and paste the Deploy Hook URL you copied in the respective fields. You will also see an “Events” section: you can configure your webhook to be triggered based on events.

You can adjust these checkboxes to request a new build of your Cloudflare Pages site automatically when a Strapi “entry” or “media” asset is created, updated, or deleted. Choose which events should trigger a rebuild by selecting their respective checkboxes.

I chose all the events in the “Entry” row. This means that the Deploy Hook would only be triggered when I “create,” “update,” “delete,” “publish,” and “unpublish” an entry, like an article or author, and not when I change a media file.

Click the “Save” button to save your webhook.

Test our webhook

Let’s test our webhook by changing the name of our site from “Strapi Blog” to “Hammad’s Blog” in our Admin UI. In the Admin UI sidebar, select the “Content Manager” tab and go to “Global” under “Single types”:

Here I will change the “siteName” field from “Strapi Blog” to “Hammad’s Blog”:

Now, click on the “Save” button. Strapi will automatically trigger the webhook, causing Cloudflare Pages to start a new build. It will take some time and then reload your site to see your changes live:

Huzzah! Our site name has successfully changed through the webhook. If your site doesn’t change, ensure that you access it without the particular deployment code before your subdomain (e.g., https://574ad6b1.sg-gatsby-test.pages.dev/) and access it like this: https://sg-gatsby-test.pages.dev/.

Use case for webhooks

At this point, you might think that this webhook auto-deploy feature isn’t that useful since you can easily trigger a new build whenever you want simply by going into your Cloudflare Pages dashboard and triggering a new build. This webhook feature is useful because it helps writers or content teams publish content without any developer intervention.

Deployment logs

🪵 Deployment logs
A new build will be triggered every time a request is sent to your Deploy Hook. You can see the Source column of your deployment log (“All deployments,” the second thing under the Deployments tab” of your Pages project) to see which deployments were triggered by a Deploy Hook. Let’s check them out (notice the first one, it is the one that we just triggered by changing the site name):

Don’t let the words “run gatsby clean” confuse you; it is just the commit message, telling us the specific commit the deployment used for the “build.” Our webhook triggers the first deployment and the two below are triggered by “git commit and push” on our repo.

Source code

• Front-end: https://github.com/shammadahmed/sg-gatsby-test
• Back-end: https://github.com/shammadahmed/sg-strapi-test

Conclusion

I hope you enjoyed reading and were able to deploy your project successfully. We first learned the different technologies in use in this tutorial. Then, we headed towards the actual deployment process: first, we deployed our back-end on Render and then deployed our front-end on Cloudflare Pages. We connected them both using a simple webhook. Finally, we wrapped it up by reviewing our deployment log in our Cloudflare Pages dashboard.

That’s it for this tutorial about deploying Strapi on Cloudflare Pages. I had a lot of fun writing this. If you have any questions, feel free to ask in the comments section, or if you just want to say hi, feel free.

Til then, happy coding!